{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:30:27Z","timestamp":1791354627988,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Ubiquity Press, Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Research Council (NWO)","award":["1292.19.077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1292.19.077"]}]},{"name":"ZonMW","award":["459001021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["459001021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Circadian Rhythms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the circadian pacemaker of the mammalian brain, integrates both environmental and endogenous information to modulate various physiological and behavioral processes. Both light and physical activity entrain SCN circadian rhythmicity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms for physical activity remain elusive.\nRepetitive neuronal stimulation results in accumulation of the stable transcription factor \u0394FOSB, that has been implicated in long-term brain plasticity, altered neuronal excitability, and changes in behavior. In rodents, voluntary wheel running (VWR) mimics aspects of exercise training and increases \u0394FOSB in several brain regions. Whether VWR also alters \u0394FOSB in the SCN is unexplored.\nHere, young-adult male and female Wistar rats were housed sedentary or allowed to run for four weeks followed by quantification of \u0394FOSB in the SCN. VWR lowered SCN \u0394FOSB-positive cell numbers in males and females compared to sedentary housing. Total running distance did not correlate with \u0394FOSB suppression. Analysis taking estrous cycle into account revealed that \u0394FOSB-positive cell numbers were cyclic in sedentary females, being lowest during proestrus and highest during diestrus. Remarkably, this cyclicity was absent in runners, where \u0394FOSB-positive cell numbers remained comparable to those observed during proestrus in sedentary controls. Finally, estradiol replacement following ovariectomy in sedentary females lowered SCN \u0394FOSB-positive cell numbers.\nThus, VWR and estrous cycle, via, at least in part, estradiol, modulate SCN \u0394FOSB. Given its role in long-term plasticity and behavioral adaptations, \u0394FOSB may provide a molecular link between VWR and\/or estrous cycle and the output of the SCN and its related behavioral adaptations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5334\/jcr.257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T06:22:14Z","timestamp":1747635734000},"page":"7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Voluntary Running and Estrous Cycle Modulate &amp;amp;#916;FOSB in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of the Wistar Rat"],"prefix":"10.5334","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3404-9159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayano","family":"Shiba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1755-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marene H.","family":"Hardonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9831-5630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewout","family":"Foppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tess","family":"Kool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4298-7451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne E.","family":"La Fleur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9708-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul J.","family":"Lucassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1184-4615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Xia","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9519-5140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk Jan","family":"Stenvers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0453-2568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joram 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Exercise to Brain Resilience","volume":"14","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"key20250519102205_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2006.46","article-title":"Neurobiology of exercise","volume":"14","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obes Silver Spring Md"},{"issue":"1","key":"key20250519102205_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.09.029","article-title":"Effects of voluntary exercise on synaptic plasticity and gene expression in the dentate gyrus of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo","volume":"124","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"key20250519102205_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23520","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the effect of voluntary running on adult hippocampal neurogenesis","volume":"33","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"2","key":"key20250519102205_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.11.005","article-title":"Long-term voluntary wheel running is rewarding and produces plasticity in the mesolimbic reward pathway","volume":"217","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"key20250519102205_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R77","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-17-0165","article-title":"Voluntary exercise and depression-like behavior in rodents: are we running in the right direction?","volume":"60","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"key20250519102205_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s003590000150","article-title":"Running wheel size influences circadian rhythm period and its phase shift in mice","volume":"186","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol 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