{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:42:58Z","timestamp":1790286178917,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ubiquity Press, Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TOHM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: High intensity focused ultrasound (HiFU) is a relatively new incisionless intervention used for treatment of essential tremor and Parkinson\u2019s disease tremor. Understanding the indications, benefits, risks and limitations of HiFU, as well as how it compares to deep brain stimulation (DBS), is important in guiding appropriate recommendations for prospective patients.\nMethods: Current literature on efficacy and safety of HiFU in essential tremor and Parkinson\u2019s disease was reviewed. We additionally reviewed data on the patients who presented to our center for HiFU consultation, including outcomes of patients with low skull density ratios, and distances traveled for the procedure.\nResults\/Discussion: HiFU is an effective and generally well-tolerated treatment for tremor. Adverse events, especially gait instability, are typically temporary but should be discussed with patients. The risk of tremor recurrence in certain patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease is also of note. Identifying appropriate candidates for either intervention remains crucial and involves considering each patient\u2019s circumstances and preferences, potential adverse effects, and practical aspects like access to follow-up and expectations. Data on bilateral HiFU lesioning, use of HiFU in patients with low skull density ratios, and emerging targets like the pallidothalamic tract are discussed as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T08:41:08Z","timestamp":1746434468000},"page":"18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["High Intensity Focused Ultrasound &amp;ndash; Longitudinal Data on Efficacy and Safety"],"prefix":"10.5334","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4874-3220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Betsy","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0648-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1817-9112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Yu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3190-6724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yidan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-0463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alon","family":"Mogilner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5097-6998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael H.","family":"Pourfar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"key20250505124103_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.JNS142592","article-title":"Factors associated with successful magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound treatment: efficiency of acoustic energy delivery through the skull","volume":"124","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"key20250505124103_B2","first-page":"1785","article-title":"The relevance of skull density ratio in selecting candidates for transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound","volume":"132","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"key20250505124103_B3","first-page":"639","article-title":"Successful magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound treatment of tremor in patients with a skull density ratio of 0.4 or 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