{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:56:26Z","timestamp":1777312586932,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:bold>\n Injuries are increasingly recognized as a major component of the global burden of disease, as they tend to affect mainly youth and are usually followed by premature death or severe disability. The longstanding conflict in Iraq has resulted in a situation of continuous violence and ongoing instability, which has in turn led to an increasing incidence of injuries and a crippled health system.\n Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n To sketch a trend of non-military accidents in Iraq (road traffic accidents [RTA], falls, burns, firearm injuries, assaults by sharp objects and sexual assaults) among civilians during the last 14 years associated with the period of conflict (2003\u20132016).\n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n This descriptive study was conducted during the period from January 1\n st<\/jats:sup>\n through to December 31\n st<\/jats:sup>\n , 2017 using already available surveillance data from the Ministry of Health in Iraq. The methodology was based on measuring the incidence of each accident for the period from 2003 through 2016 and plotting it against time. Linear regression was computed to estimate the trends of the disease.\n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n The rate of RTAs significantly increased between 2003 and 2016, from 1.85 to 2.9 per 1000 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.01), as did accidental falls especially after 2008 (males more than females) (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.01). By contrast, after a peak in 2011, burns dropped significantly from 4.19 to 3.42\/1000, along with firearm accidents, which fell from 2.2\/1000 in 2007 to 0.39 in 2016 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.01), mostly among males. Assaults with sharp objects also decreased with time to a rate of 0.47\/1000 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0001). Sexual assaults showed a significant downward sloping trend over time to\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.037.\n Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n Accidents still add a burden on the already deteriorated Iraqi health system. Understanding the impact of this burden is essential to better prepare for future plans and interventions that may help improve the quality of health services.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2019.14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]],"date-time":"2020-01-12T00:30:38Z","timestamp":1578789038000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Accidents in Iraq during the period of conflict (2003\u20132016)"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Ashraf MA","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Babil, Iraq"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riyadh K","family":"Lafta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq; Global Health Department, University of Washington, Seattle, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"9859","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"2197","article-title":"Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Murray\n\u00a0\nCJL","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Arch Trauma Res.","first-page":"30","article-title":"Calculation of the Probability of Survival for Trauma Patients Based on Trauma Score and the Injury Severity Score Model in Fatemi Hospital in Ardabil","volume":"2","author":"Norouzi\n\u00a0\nV","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0003","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Falls. Fact sheet 2018; March 22 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs344\/en\n\n."},{"issue":"9859","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"2095","article-title":"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Lozano\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2012"},{"key":"CIT0005","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Injuries. Health topics 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/topics\/injuries\/about\/en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Injuries and violence. The Facts 2014 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/media\/news\/2015\/Injury_violence_facts_2014\/en\n\n."},{"issue":"1005","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1545","article-title":"Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0008","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Road traffic injuries. Fact sheet 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs358\/en\/\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0009","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Facts on road safety 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/factfiles\/roadsafety\/en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0010","article-title":"Injuries and violence: the facts [Internet]","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters.","first-page":"203","article-title":"Military and civilian burn injuries during armed conflicts","volume":"20","author":"Atiyeh\n\u00a0\nBS","year":"2007"},{"issue":"9938","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"119","article-title":"Iraq's growing health crisis","volume":"384","author":"Webster\n\u00a0\nPC","year":"2014"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Plos One.","first-page":"e0131834","article-title":"Injuries, death, and disability associated with 11 years of conflict in Baghdad, Iraq: A randomized household cluster survey","volume":"10","author":"Lafta\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9985","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2324","article-title":"Iraq's neglected health and humanitarian crisis","volume":"385","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0015","unstructured":"UNAMI\/OHCHR. United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq\/Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Report on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Iraq, December 2016 [Internet]. Available from: http:\/\/www.uniraq.org\/index.php?option\u00a0=\u00a0com_k2&view\u00a0=\u00a0item&task\u00a0=\u00a0download&id\u00a0=\u00a02118_ba29368d4a62b7b36938b845a174394d&lang\u00a0=\u00a0en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Violence Info. Homicide, WHO Global Health Estimates (2015 update) [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/violence-info\/homicide\/\n."},{"key":"CIT0017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Violence Info. Country Profiles, Iraq [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2015. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/violence-info\/country\/IQ\n\n."},{"issue":"1005","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1459","article-title":"Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980\u20132015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"Int J Epidemiol.","first-page":"616","article-title":"Health status, epidemiological profile and prospects: eastern Mediterranean region","volume":"42","author":"Mandil\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0020","series-title":"BMC Public Health.","first-page":"246","article-title":"Incidence and pattern of injuries among residents of a rural area in South Western Nigeria: a community-based study","volume":"7","author":"Olawale\n\u00a0\nOA","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"232","article-title":"The burden of fatal and non-fatal injury in rural India","volume":"14","author":"Cardona\n\u00a0\nM","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"170","article-title":"Population based estimates of injuries in Sri Lanka","volume":"15","author":"Navaratne\n\u00a0\nKV","year":"2009"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"JAMA Surg.","first-page":"463","article-title":"Traumatic injuries in developing countries: report from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of Sierra Leone","volume":"148","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nKA","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Int J Inj Control Saf Promot.","first-page":"144","article-title":"Injuries in Khartoum state, the Sudan: a household survey of incidence and risk factors","volume":"21","author":"El Tayeb\n\u00a0\nSE","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"World J Surg.","first-page":"62","article-title":"Injury, disability and access to care in Rwanda: results of a nationwide cross-sectional population study","volume":"39","author":"Petroze\n\u00a0\nRT","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"3","article-title":"The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013","volume":"22","author":"Haagsma\n\u00a0\nJA","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Trauma Mon.","first-page":"e20967","article-title":"Pattern and trend of injuries among Trauma Unit Attendants in Upper Egypt","volume":"21","author":"Mahran\n\u00a0\nDG","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Arch Iran Med.","first-page":"17","article-title":"Trauma research in Iran: a report of the Sina trauma data bank","volume":"13","author":"Khaji\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Confl Health.","first-page":"2","article-title":"Road traffic fatalities in selected governorates of Iraq from 2010 to 2013: prospective surveillance","volume":"10","author":"Leidman\n\u00a0\nE","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0030","article-title":"Global status report on road safety [Internet]","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0031","article-title":"Violence and injury prevention\/road safety status. Ctry Profiles, Iraq [Internet]","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"321","article-title":"Road traffic injuries in Baghdad from 2003 to 2014: results of a randomised household cluster survey","volume":"22","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nBT","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Int J Inj Control Saf Promot.","first-page":"368","article-title":"Trends and characteristics of injuries in the State of Qatar: hospital-based study","volume":"19","author":"Bener\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"244","article-title":"Fall injuries in Baghd\u0101d from 2003 to 2014: results of a randomized household cluster survey","volume":"47","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nBT","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Afr J Emerg Med.","first-page":"30","article-title":"A systematic review of burn injuries in low- and middle-income countries: epidemiology in the WHO-defined African Region","volume":"7","author":"Rybarczyk\n\u00a0\nMM","year":"2017"},{"key":"CIT0036","series-title":"BMC Public Health.","first-page":"83","article-title":"Epidemiology of burn injuries in the east Mediterranean Region: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Othman\n\u00a0\nN","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Burns J Int Soc Burn Inj.","first-page":"48","article-title":"Burns in Baghda\u00afd from 2003-2014: results of a randomized household cluster survey","volume":"42","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nB","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0038","series-title":"Karbala, and Kirkuk, Iraq. Plos Curr.","first-page":"8","article-title":"Needs of internally displaced women and children in Baghdad","author":"Lafta\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0039","series-title":"Int J Burns Trauma.","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pattern of burn injury at north of Jordan","volume":"8","author":"Bataineh\n\u00a0\nZA","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0040","series-title":"J Public Health.","first-page":"384","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiology of unintentional burn injuries in South Asia","volume":"35","author":"Golshan\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0041","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Conflict and humanitarian crisis in Iraq. Public health risk assessment and interventions [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2014. Available from: http:\/\/who.int\/hac\/crises\/irq\/iraq_phra_24october2014.pdf\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0042","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch. Escapees describe systematic rape. Yezidi survivors in need of urgent Care 2015. Iraq: institute of strategic and international studies [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2015\/04\/14\/iraq-isis-escapees-describe-systematic-rape\n."},{"issue":"9859","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"2197","article-title":"Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Murray\n\u00a0\nCJL","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Arch Trauma Res.","first-page":"30","article-title":"Calculation of the Probability of Survival for Trauma Patients Based on Trauma Score and the Injury Severity Score Model in Fatemi Hospital in Ardabil","volume":"2","author":"Norouzi\n\u00a0\nV","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0003","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Falls. Fact sheet 2018; March 22 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs344\/en\n\n."},{"issue":"9859","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"2095","article-title":"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"Lozano\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2012"},{"key":"CIT0005","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Injuries. Health topics 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/topics\/injuries\/about\/en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Injuries and violence. The Facts 2014 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/violence_injury_prevention\/media\/news\/2015\/Injury_violence_facts_2014\/en\n\n."},{"issue":"1005","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1545","article-title":"Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0008","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Road traffic injuries. Fact sheet 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs358\/en\/\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0009","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Facts on road safety 2018 [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/features\/factfiles\/roadsafety\/en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0010","article-title":"Injuries and violence: the facts [Internet]","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Ann Burns Fire Disasters.","first-page":"203","article-title":"Military and civilian burn injuries during armed conflicts","volume":"20","author":"Atiyeh\n\u00a0\nBS","year":"2007"},{"issue":"9938","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Lancet.","first-page":"119","article-title":"Iraq's growing health crisis","volume":"384","author":"Webster\n\u00a0\nPC","year":"2014"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Plos One.","first-page":"e0131834","article-title":"Injuries, death, and disability associated with 11 years of conflict in Baghdad, Iraq: A randomized household cluster survey","volume":"10","author":"Lafta\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9985","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2324","article-title":"Iraq's neglected health and humanitarian crisis","volume":"385","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0015","unstructured":"UNAMI\/OHCHR. United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq\/Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. Report on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Iraq, December 2016 [Internet]. Available from: http:\/\/www.uniraq.org\/index.php?option\u00a0=\u00a0com_k2&view\u00a0=\u00a0item&task\u00a0=\u00a0download&id\u00a0=\u00a02118_ba29368d4a62b7b36938b845a174394d&lang\u00a0=\u00a0en\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0016","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Violence Info. Homicide, WHO Global Health Estimates (2015 update) [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2018. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/violence-info\/homicide\/\n."},{"key":"CIT0017","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Violence Info. Country Profiles, Iraq [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2015. Available from: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/violence-info\/country\/IQ\n\n."},{"issue":"1005","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1459","article-title":"Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980\u20132015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2015"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"Int J Epidemiol.","first-page":"616","article-title":"Health status, epidemiological profile and prospects: eastern Mediterranean region","volume":"42","author":"Mandil\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0020","series-title":"BMC Public Health.","first-page":"246","article-title":"Incidence and pattern of injuries among residents of a rural area in South Western Nigeria: a community-based study","volume":"7","author":"Olawale\n\u00a0\nOA","year":"2007"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"232","article-title":"The burden of fatal and non-fatal injury in rural India","volume":"14","author":"Cardona\n\u00a0\nM","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"170","article-title":"Population based estimates of injuries in Sri Lanka","volume":"15","author":"Navaratne\n\u00a0\nKV","year":"2009"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"JAMA Surg.","first-page":"463","article-title":"Traumatic injuries in developing countries: report from a nationwide cross-sectional survey of Sierra Leone","volume":"148","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nKA","year":"2013"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Int J Inj Control Saf Promot.","first-page":"144","article-title":"Injuries in Khartoum state, the Sudan: a household survey of incidence and risk factors","volume":"21","author":"El Tayeb\n\u00a0\nSE","year":"2014"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"World J Surg.","first-page":"62","article-title":"Injury, disability and access to care in Rwanda: results of a nationwide cross-sectional population study","volume":"39","author":"Petroze\n\u00a0\nRT","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"3","article-title":"The global burden of injury: incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and time trends from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013","volume":"22","author":"Haagsma\n\u00a0\nJA","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Trauma Mon.","first-page":"e20967","article-title":"Pattern and trend of injuries among Trauma Unit Attendants in Upper Egypt","volume":"21","author":"Mahran\n\u00a0\nDG","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Arch Iran Med.","first-page":"17","article-title":"Trauma research in Iran: a report of the Sina trauma data bank","volume":"13","author":"Khaji\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2010"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Confl Health.","first-page":"2","article-title":"Road traffic fatalities in selected governorates of Iraq from 2010 to 2013: prospective surveillance","volume":"10","author":"Leidman\n\u00a0\nE","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0030","article-title":"Global status report on road safety [Internet]","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0031","article-title":"Violence and injury prevention\/road safety status. Ctry Profiles, Iraq [Internet]","year":"2018"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"321","article-title":"Road traffic injuries in Baghdad from 2003 to 2014: results of a randomised household cluster survey","volume":"22","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nBT","year":"2016"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Int J Inj Control Saf Promot.","first-page":"368","article-title":"Trends and characteristics of injuries in the State of Qatar: hospital-based study","volume":"19","author":"Bener\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Injury.","first-page":"244","article-title":"Fall injuries in Baghd\u0101d from 2003 to 2014: results of a randomized household cluster survey","volume":"47","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nBT","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Afr J Emerg Med.","first-page":"30","article-title":"A systematic review of burn injuries in low- and middle-income countries: epidemiology in the WHO-defined African Region","volume":"7","author":"Rybarczyk\n\u00a0\nMM","year":"2017"},{"key":"CIT0036","series-title":"BMC Public Health.","first-page":"83","article-title":"Epidemiology of burn injuries in the east Mediterranean Region: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Othman\n\u00a0\nN","year":"2010"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Burns J Int Soc Burn Inj.","first-page":"48","article-title":"Burns in Baghda\u00afd from 2003-2014: results of a randomized household cluster survey","volume":"42","author":"Stewart\n\u00a0\nB","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0038","series-title":"Karbala, and Kirkuk, Iraq. Plos Curr.","first-page":"8","article-title":"Needs of internally displaced women and children in Baghdad","author":"Lafta\n\u00a0\nR","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0039","series-title":"Int J Burns Trauma.","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pattern of burn injury at north of Jordan","volume":"8","author":"Bataineh\n\u00a0\nZA","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0040","series-title":"J Public Health.","first-page":"384","article-title":"A systematic review of the epidemiology of unintentional burn injuries in South Asia","volume":"35","author":"Golshan\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2013"},{"key":"CIT0041","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Conflict and humanitarian crisis in Iraq. Public health risk assessment and interventions [Internet]. Geneva: Switzerland, World Health Organization; 2014. Available from: http:\/\/who.int\/hac\/crises\/irq\/iraq_phra_24october2014.pdf\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0042","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch. Escapees describe systematic rape. Yezidi survivors in need of urgent Care 2015. Iraq: institute of strategic and international studies [Internet]. Available from: https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2015\/04\/14\/iraq-isis-escapees-describe-systematic-rape\n."}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2019\/3\/article-14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2019\/3\/article-14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2019\/3\/article-14.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:22:03Z","timestamp":1777310523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2019\/3\/article-14.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2019.14","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]}}}