{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:07:12Z","timestamp":1790377632493,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death in Qatar but their epidemiology in children has not been fully described. This paper will describe the epidemiology of pediatric road traffic injuries (pRTIs) in Qatar, in order to understand the relationships among risk factors, mechanisms of injury, use of safety equipment, and according to child developmental stages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The primary sample for this study was drawn from all pRTIs (0\u201318 years) from January 2010 to December 2012\u2014motor vehicle occupants, passengers and drivers, pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and all-terrain vehicle (ATV) drivers and passengers\u2014seen at the trauma registry of the Hamad Trauma Center, the national Level I Trauma Referral Center of Qatar.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>During those two years, the Trauma Center attended to 4864 patients, 443 (9.1%) of whom were pRTIs, 83% were male, and 71% were non-Qatari. Only 1.2% of injured passengers and drivers were restrained. All fatalities were passengers or drivers; the overall mortality rate was 3.4%. The motor vehicle crash (MVC) mortality rate was 6.2%, with the longest mean length of hospital stay 10.5 days and highest Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission rate 35.7%. Older adolescents (15\u201318 years) comprised 56.4% of total MVC mortality. One-in-four (25%) pedestrian victims was Qatari. They had the lowest mean Injury Severity Score (9.6); 73% were nine years or younger. ATV victims had a 27% ICU admission rate; 48.4% were 10\u201314 years old. Older adolescents made up only 17% of the pediatric population of Qatar, yet 40% of pRTI victims and 80% of pRTI deaths. Forty-two percent of injured older adolescents were drivers, with half (21%) of those underage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>There are clear and distinct age and mechanism-specific patterns of pRTIs among children in Qatar that must be used to guide road safety policy and program formulation for underage pedestrians and drivers. Proven interventions that increase seatbelt and child restraint use and graduated driver licensing must be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2020.3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T01:30:54Z","timestamp":1584408654000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pediatric road traffic injuries in Qatar: Evidence for a developmental stage approach to road safety"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"Consunji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahnaz","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman","family":"El-Menyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monira","family":"Mollazehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Al-Thani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruben","family":"Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamad Injury Prevention Program, Hamad Trauma Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Asian J Surg Asian Surg Assoc.","article-title":"Pediatric trauma research in the gulf cooperation council countries","volume":"35","author":"Hefny\n\u00a0\nAF","year":"2012"},{"key":"CIT0002","series-title":"World report on child injury prevention","author":"Peden\n\u00a0\nM","year":"2008"},{"key":"CIT0003","unstructured":"Qatar Statistic Authority\n. \nAnnual Report, 25th Issue [Internet]. Doha: Qatar; 2008. Available from: www.qsa.gov.qa\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0004","author":"Sivak M","unstructured":"Sivak M\n, \nSchoettle B\n\n. \nMortality from road crashes in 193 countries: A comparison with other leading causes of death, UMTRI-2014-6 ed. February 2016\n."},{"issue":"e1","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Inj Prev.","first-page":"e105","article-title":"The implications of the relative risk for road mortality on road safety programmes in Qatar","volume":"21","author":"Consunji\n\u00a0\nRJ","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"World J Pediatr.","first-page":"41","article-title":"Trends in childhood trauma mortality in the fast economically developing State of Qatar","volume":"7","author":"Bener\n\u00a0\nA","year":"2011"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr.","first-page":"362","article-title":"Developmental and behavioral issues in childhood injury prevention","volume":"16","author":"Rivara\n\u00a0\nFP","year":"1995"},{"issue":"5","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Oman Med J.","first-page":"313","article-title":"Road traffic injuries among young drivers in Oman","volume":"29","author":"Al-Reesi\n\u00a0\nH","year":"2014"},{"issue":"7","key":"CIT0009","article-title":"Pediatric and youth traffic-collision injuries in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates: A prospective study","volume":"8","author":"Grivna\n\u00a0\nM","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"Ann Saudi Med.","first-page":"52","article-title":"Epidemiology of traumatic head injury in children and adolescents in a major trauma center in Saudi Arabia: implications for injury prevention","volume":"33","author":"Alhabdan\n\u00a0\nS","year":"2013"},{"issue":"8","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr.","first-page":"519","article-title":"Severe outcome of children following trauma resulting from road accidents","volume":"165","author":"Javouhey\n\u00a0\nE","year":"2006"},{"key":"CIT0012","unstructured":"National Highway Transportation Safety Administration\n. \nTraffic safety facts: children. National Center for Statistics and Analysis; 2008\n."},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci.","first-page":"21","article-title":"Analysis of pediatric trauma data from a hospital based trauma registry in Qatar","volume":"5","author":"Alyafei\n\u00a0\nKA","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0014","author":"Consunji RJ","unstructured":"Consunji RJ\n, \nPeralta RR\n, \nAl Thani\n, \nLatifi R\n\n. \nThe injury epidemiology of infants and toddlers in Qatar. 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Traffic Safety Facts. DOT HS 812 200. Washington, DC; 2015. 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Doha: Qatar; 2008. Available from: www.qsa.gov.qa\n\n."},{"key":"CIT0004","author":"Sivak M","unstructured":"Sivak M\n, \nSchoettle B\n\n. \nMortality from road crashes in 193 countries: A comparison with other leading causes of death, UMTRI-2014-6 ed. 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National Center for Statistics and Analysis; 2008\n."},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci.","first-page":"21","article-title":"Analysis of pediatric trauma data from a hospital based trauma registry in Qatar","volume":"5","author":"Alyafei\n\u00a0\nKA","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0014","author":"Consunji RJ","unstructured":"Consunji RJ\n, \nPeralta RR\n, \nAl Thani\n, \nLatifi R\n\n. \nThe injury epidemiology of infants and toddlers in Qatar. Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings; 2012. https:\/\/doiorg\/105339\/qfarf2012BMP33\n\n."},{"issue":"6","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med.","first-page":"547","article-title":"Seatbelt use in Qatar in association with severe injuries and death in the prehospital setting","volume":"23","author":"Munk\n\u00a0\nMD","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Traffic Inj Prev.","first-page":"391","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of child victims in motor vehicle collisions in Panama","volume":"17","author":"Nu\u00f1ez-Samudio\n\u00a0\nV","year":"2016"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Emerg Med Trauma Acute Care.","first-page":"1","article-title":"All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) crashes in an unregulated environment: A prospective study of 56 cases","volume":"2012","author":"Alani\n\u00a0\nM","year":"2012"},{"key":"CIT0018","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration\n. \nYoung Drivers [Internet]. 2013 data. 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