{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:27:52Z","timestamp":1789514872940,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Spontaneous pneumothorax\/pneumomediastinum is an uncommon complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we describe the clinical spectrum and outcomes of COVID-19-associated pneumothorax\/pneumomediastinum in critical care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Materials and methods: We hereby present a case series of 12 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and developed air leak injuries in critical care settings in a tertiary care center in Northern India. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 was confirmed by nasal\/oropharyngeal swab testing using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction test. The clinical spectrum and outcomes of these patients were assessed. Each case has been presented as a brief synopsis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: The onset of pneumothorax\/pneumomediastinum varied from 11 to 28 days after the occurrence of initial symptoms and caused worsening of respiratory parameters in most patients. Of the 12 patients, eight were males who developed air leak injuries. One patient was a current smoker, and three patients had underlying lung disorders. Two patients with spontaneous breathing were managed conservatively. All intubated patients who developed air leak injuries died (100% mortality rate).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: Pneumothorax\/pneumomediastinum is a rare and life-threatening complication in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology behind the development of air leak injuries in patients with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2021.41","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T02:31:13Z","timestamp":1631068273000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spectrum of pneumothorax\/pneumomediastinum in patients with coronavirus disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Anirban B","family":"Adhikary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udhyachander","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nupur B","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vadhan Prasanna","family":"S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Boruah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Chandrakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India E-mail: drsaurabh6587@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"BMJ Case Rep","first-page":"e235861","article-title":"Tension pneumothorax in a patient with COVID-19","volume":"13","author":"Flower\n \nL\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"2002697","article-title":"COVID-19 and pneumothorax: A multicentre retrospective case series","volume":"56","author":"Martinelli\n \nAW\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"425-434","article-title":"Radiological findings from 81 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study","volume":"20","author":"Shi\n \nH\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1162-1165","article-title":"Case report: COVID-19-associated bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax-A literature review","volume":"103","author":"Alhakeem\n \nA\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Radiology","first-page":"E252-E262","article-title":"Increased incidence of barotrauma in patients with COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation","volume":"297","author":"McGuinness\n \nG\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"10:","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Ann Intensive Care","first-page":"124","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism in patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: A narrative review","author":"Sakr\n \nY\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(10223):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"507-513","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study","volume":"395","author":"Chen\n \nN\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Lancet Respir Med","first-page":"420-422","article-title":"Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Xu\n \nZ\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Lancet Respir Med","first-page":"681-686","article-title":"RS. 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Pulmonary and cardiac pathology in African American patients with COVID-19: An autopsy series from New Orleans","volume":"8","author":"Fox\n \nSE\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"J Pathol","first-page":"282-289","article-title":"The clinical pathology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): A report from China","volume":"200","author":"Ding\n \nY\n,","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"652-658","article-title":"Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings of a fatal case of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the United Arab Emirates, April 2014","volume":"186","author":"Ng\n \nDL\n,","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"W267-W274","article-title":"Acute Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: Temporal lung changes observed on the chest radiographs of 55 patients","volume":"205","author":"Das\n \nKM\n,","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging","first-page":"e200028","article-title":"Chest imaging appearance of COVID-19 infection","volume":"2","author":"Kong\n \nW\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"31:","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Respir Med Case Rep","first-page":"101187","article-title":"Pneumothorax in patients with prior or current COVID-19 pneumonia","author":"Janssen\n \nML\n,","year":"2020;"},{"issue":"(18):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)","first-page":"e20175","article-title":"COVID-19 with cystic features on computed tomography: A case report","volume":"99","author":"Liu\n \nK\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Korean J Radiol","first-page":"541-544","article-title":"Mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax developed during the course of COVID-19 pneumonia","volume":"21","author":"Sun\n \nR\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"120-128","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in Covid-19","volume":"383","author":"Ackermann\n \nM\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"667-669","article-title":"British Thoracic Society Pleural Disease Guidelines\u20132010 update","volume":"65","author":"Maskell\n \nN","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/2\/article-41.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/2\/article-41.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/2\/article-41.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:21:09Z","timestamp":1777310469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/2\/article-41.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2021.41","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}}}