{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T17:07:56Z","timestamp":1783098476322,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection, mainly affects individuals with diabetes mellitus and those who were immunocompromised and has a high mortality rate. Its most common presentation is similar to that of acute bacterial sinusitis with symptoms of nasal congestion, headache, and fever. The involvement of multiple cranial nerves in mucormycosis was rarely reported in the literature and indicates severe disease. Herein, we report the case of a 56-year-old man who was referred to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic for facial nerve palsy. He was treated with systemic steroids for 10 days with no improvement. On examination, he had a loss of vision and a frozen orbit due to involvement of cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII. An extensive workup revealed a hemoglobin A1C of 10%. However, he was never diagnosed with diabetes mellitus previously and denied any of the classical symptoms of diabetes mellitus. He underwent ethmoidectomy, maxillectomy, and drainage of an intraorbital abscess after appropriate imaging studies. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of mucormycosis, and the patient was started on systemic amphotericin B. This case emphasizes the importance of screening for diabetes mellitus. Early recognition of underlying diabetes mellitus in this patient may have prevented the development of mucormycosis along with its devastating complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2021.61","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T10:30:49Z","timestamp":1637922649000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mucormycosis with extensive cranial nerve involvement as the first presentation of diabetes mellitus: A case report"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2021","author":[{"given":"Mouna","family":"Al Saad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan E-mail: eye_maas@yahoo.com"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Rimawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Saadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Shehadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"BMC Ophthalmol","first-page":"10","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of eleven cases of invasive rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis presented with orbital apex syndrome initially","volume":"16","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"26","article-title":"Global epidemiology of mucormycosis","volume":"5","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"634\u201353","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcome of Zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases","volume":"41","year":"2005"},{"issue":"77:","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"57\u201361","article-title":"Mucormycosis: A rare entity with rising clinical presentation in immunocompromised hosts","volume":"1;","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"265","article-title":"","volume":"6","year":"2020"},{"issue":"73:","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"324\u20137","article-title":"Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in patients with uncontrolled diabetes: A case series","volume":"1;","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6:","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"New Microbes New Infect","first-page":"49\u201352","article-title":"Outcome of mucormycosis after treatment: report of five cases","volume":"1;","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"26\u201334","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case reports","volume":"25","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Neurohospitalist","first-page":"92\u20137","article-title":"Glucocorticoids: complications to anticipate and prevent","volume":"3","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"J Am Board Fam Med","first-page":"819\u201326","article-title":"The role of diabetes mellitus in the clinical presentation and prognosis of Bell palsy","volume":"25","year":"2012"},{"issue":"60:","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Int J Surg","first-page":"279\u201382","article-title":"The PROCESS 2018 statement: updating consensus preferred reporting of CasE series in surgery (PROCESS) guidelines","volume":"1;","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Am J Rhinol","first-page":"155\u20138","article-title":"Orbital and cranial nerve presentations and sequelae are hallmarks of invasive fungal sinusitis caused by Mucor in contrast to Aspergillus","volume":"22","year":"2008"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"375\u20139","article-title":"Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis with multiple cranial nerve palsy in diabetic patient: review of six cases","volume":"65","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(Supplement 1):","key":"CIT0014","first-page":"S62\u20137","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care","volume":"32","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Diabet Med","first-page":"1176\u201382","article-title":"Time trends in diabetes mellitus in Jordan between 1994 and 2017","volume":"36","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"BMC Ophthalmol","first-page":"10","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of eleven cases of invasive rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis presented with orbital apex syndrome initially","volume":"16","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"26","article-title":"Global epidemiology of mucormycosis","volume":"5","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"634\u201353","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcome of Zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases","volume":"41","year":"2005"},{"issue":"77:","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"57\u201361","article-title":"Mucormycosis: A rare entity with rising clinical presentation in immunocompromised hosts","volume":"1;","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"J Fungi (Basel)","first-page":"265","article-title":"","volume":"6","year":"2020"},{"issue":"73:","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"324\u20137","article-title":"Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in patients with uncontrolled diabetes: A case series","volume":"1;","year":"2020"},{"issue":"6:","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"New Microbes New Infect","first-page":"49\u201352","article-title":"Outcome of mucormycosis after treatment: report of five cases","volume":"1;","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"26\u201334","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of mucormycosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case reports","volume":"25","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Neurohospitalist","first-page":"92\u20137","article-title":"Glucocorticoids: complications to anticipate and prevent","volume":"3","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"J Am Board Fam Med","first-page":"819\u201326","article-title":"The role of diabetes mellitus in the clinical presentation and prognosis of Bell palsy","volume":"25","year":"2012"},{"issue":"60:","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Int J Surg","first-page":"279\u201382","article-title":"The PROCESS 2018 statement: updating consensus preferred reporting of CasE series in surgery (PROCESS) guidelines","volume":"1;","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Am J Rhinol","first-page":"155\u20138","article-title":"Orbital and cranial nerve presentations and sequelae are hallmarks of invasive fungal sinusitis caused by Mucor in contrast to Aspergillus","volume":"22","year":"2008"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"375\u20139","article-title":"Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis with multiple cranial nerve palsy in diabetic patient: review of six cases","volume":"65","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(Supplement 1):","key":"CIT0014","first-page":"S62\u20137","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care","volume":"32","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Diabet Med","first-page":"1176\u201382","article-title":"Time trends in diabetes mellitus in Jordan between 1994 and 2017","volume":"36","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/3\/article-61.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/3\/article-61.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/3\/article-61.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:21:04Z","timestamp":1777310464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2021\/3\/article-61.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2021.61","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]}}}