{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:55:54Z","timestamp":1783792554362,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: It remains unclear whether patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) are at a higher risk of poor outcomes from a SARS-CoV-2 infection. We evaluated whether patients with an ARDs infected with SARS-CoV-2 were at a higher risk of a poorer outcome than those without an ARDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Patients with an ARDs infected with SARS-CoV-2 were matched to control patients without a known ARDs. Matching was performed according to age (\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06 years) and sex at a case-to-control ratio of 1:3. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the databases and were compared between the two groups. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection was the primary outcome and was defined as the requirement for oxygen therapy support, the need for invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation, or the use of glucocorticoids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: A total of 141 patients with an ARDs were matched to 398 patients who formed the control group. The mean ages (SD) of the ARDs and non-ARDs groups were 44.4 years (11.4) and 43.4 years (12.2). Women accounted for 58.8% of the ARDs group and 56.3% of the control group (p\u00a0=\u00a00.59). Demographics and comorbidities were balanced between the groups. ARDs included connective tissue disease in 43 (30.3%) patients, inflammatory arthritis in 92 (65.2%), and other ARDs in 8 (5.7%). ARDs medications included biological\/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b\/ts-DMARDs) in 28 (15.6%) patients, conventional synthetic DMARDs in 95 (67.4%), and immunosuppressive antimetabolites in 13 (9.2%). The ARDs group had more respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection than the control group (24.8% and 20.6% vs. 10% and 5.3%, respectively; p &lt;\u00a0 0.001 for both). Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection was more common in the ARDs group than in the control group (14.9% vs. 5.8%; p &lt;\u00a0 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: In this single-center matched cohort study, patients with an ARDs experienced more respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and had more severe infection than those from the control group. Therefore, patients with an ARDs require close observation during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2022.24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T04:30:32Z","timestamp":1656563432000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk of Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases in Qatar: A Cohort Matched Study"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Omar","family":"Alsaed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samar","family":"Alemadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Satti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karima","family":"Becetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rawan","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadil","family":"Ashour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miral","family":"Hamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiaz","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Alrimawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Nader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masautso","family":"Chaponda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basem","family":"Awadh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Hammoudeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar E-mail: Oalsaed@hamad.qa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"(14):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"553-6","article-title":"Length of life and cause of death in rheumatoid 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