{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:46:47Z","timestamp":1777312007644,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"Introduction: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common medical emergency. Its treatment includes simple observation, needle thoracentesis, pleural catheter, video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS), and open surgery. We aimed to establish the demographic, clinical characteristics, and 12-month recurrence rate of patients with PSP in four hospitals of the Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar.<\/jats:p>\n Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients >14 years old who were admitted with PSP from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. The patients were followed up for 12 months for the recurrence of PSP.<\/jats:p>\n \n Results: Out of 246 patients enrolled in this study, 223 (90.7%) were males and 23 (9.3%) were females. Their mean age was 29.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.59 years and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 21.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.22 kg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n . Of these, 123 (51.2%) patients were smokers. Chest pain was the most common presenting complaint (82.5%). A total of 59 (23.98%) patients had a small pneumothorax, whereas 187 (76.01%) patients had a large pneumothorax.\n <\/jats:p>\n Among the patients with small pneumothorax, 16 (28.33%) were managed through observation alone, 2 (3.33%) required needle aspiration, 15 (25%) required pleural catheter insertion, and 26 (44.06%) underwent surgical intervention for management. Out of 187 patients with large pneumothorax, 16 (8.6%) were managed through observation, 7 (3.76%) required needle aspiration, 73 (38.1%) required pleural catheter insertion, and 91 (48.6%) underwent surgery.<\/jats:p>\n During the 12-month follow-up, 58 patients were lost to follow-up and 5 patients (5\/188; 2.66%) presented with a recurrence of PSP. Out of 108 patients who underwent VATS, 2 (1.85%) had a recurrence of PSP.<\/jats:p>\n Conclusion: PSP is more common in males than in females, with a tendency for younger age onset. The recurrence rate of PSP in our study was 2.66%. Furthermore, the recurrence rate in our patients who underwent VATS was 1.85%. Prospective studies are warranted to compare the success rates of different treatment interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2022.56","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T03:30:47Z","timestamp":1669001447000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Demographics, clinical characteristics, and recurrence rate of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax at a tertiary care center in Qatar"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Adeel","family":"Ahmad Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mousa","family":"Ahmad Alhiyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Ahmad Al-Andulmalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Unwam","family":"Ekpuk Jumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Naser Kloub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Muslim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zohaib","family":"Yousaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashid","family":"Mazhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","first-page":"1379\u201382","article-title":"Incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in Olmsted County, Minnesota: 1950 to 1974","volume":"120","author":"Melton\n \nLJ 3rd\n,","year":"1979;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis","first-page":"793","article-title":"Incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is not associated with microclimatic variations. Results of a seven-year survey in a temperate climate area","volume":"87","author":"Comelli\n \nI\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(117):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Eur Respir Rev","first-page":"217\u20139","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax: epidemiology, pathophysiology and cause","volume":"19","author":"Noppen\n \nM","year":"2010;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"341\u20137","article-title":"Computed tomography in the etiologic assessment of idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"98","author":"Lesur\n \nO\n,","year":"1990;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"1767\u20139","article-title":"Resection of pulmonary blebs and pleurodesis for spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"104","author":"Donahue\n \nDM\n,","year":"1993;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"1009\u201312","article-title":"Smoking and the increased risk of contracting spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"92","author":"Bense\n \nL\n,","year":"1987;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"324\u201331","article-title":"Independent risk factors for cumulative recurrence rate after first spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"4","author":"Lippert\n \nHL\n,","year":"1991;"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"ii18","article-title":"Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010","volume":"65","author":"MacDuff\n \nA\n,","year":"2010;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"590\u2013602","article-title":"Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: an American College of Chest Physicians Delphi consensus statement","volume":"119","author":"Baumann\n \nMH\n,","year":"2001;"},{"key":"CIT0010"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"653\u20138","article-title":"Epidemiology of spontaneous pneumothorax: gender-related differences","volume":"70","author":"Bobbio\n \nA\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"741\u20135","article-title":"Does a gender have something to do with clinical pictures of primary spontaneous pneumothorax?","volume":"68","author":"Tsuboshima\n \nK\n,","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0013"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","first-page":"640\u20133","article-title":"Different mechanical properties of the lung in boys and girls","volume":"123","author":"Taussig\n \nLM\n,","year":"1981;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"PLOS ONE","first-page":"e0250065","article-title":"Epidemiology of tobacco use in Qatar: prevalence and its associated factors","volume":"16","author":"AlMulla\n \nA\n,","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Tob Induc Dis","article-title":"Tobacco use among young Qatari population: profile, prevalence and predictors","volume":"16","author":"Dogra\n \nV","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"805\u20139","article-title":"Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"52","author":"Sadikot\n \nRT\n,","year":"1997;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Emerg Med Australasia","first-page":"449\u201357","article-title":"Management and outcome of spontaneous pneumothoraces at three urban EDs","volume":"19","author":"Paoloni\n \nR","year":"2007;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"1800864","article-title":"Recurrence rates in primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Walker\n \nSP\n,","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Kuwait Med J","first-page":"288\u201391","article-title":"Ayed Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: rate and risk factors","volume":"41","author":"Alia\n \nAA\n,","year":"2009;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"1274\u201380","article-title":"Association between BMI and recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"41","author":"Tan\n \nJ\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"2163\u201370","article-title":"Recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax is common following chest tube and conservative treatment","volume":"40","author":"Olesen\n \nWH\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg","first-page":"195\u20139","article-title":"Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young adults and children","volume":"21","author":"Noh\n \nD\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"J Adolesc Health","first-page":"527\u201332","article-title":"An age-stratified longitudinal study of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"61","author":"Huang\n \nYH\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"J Thorac Dis","first-page":"E1743\u2013E5","article-title":"Surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"8","author":"Foroulis\n \nCN","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"68\u201373","article-title":"Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus pleural drainage in the management of the first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"210","author":"Divisi\n \nD\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"854\u20139","article-title":"Initial management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a 10-year experience","volume":"49","author":"Herrmann\n \nD\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"847\u201353","article-title":"Primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a cohort study of VATS with talc poudrage","volume":"71","author":"Cardillo\n \nG\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Rev Port Cir Cardiotorac Vasc","first-page":"105\u20139","article-title":"Definitive treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax a 10 year experience","volume":"27","author":"Brysch\n \nE\n,","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0030"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","first-page":"1379\u201382","article-title":"Incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax in Olmsted County, Minnesota: 1950 to 1974","volume":"120","author":"Melton\n \nLJ 3rd\n,","year":"1979;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis","first-page":"793","article-title":"Incidence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is not associated with microclimatic variations. Results of a seven-year survey in a temperate climate area","volume":"87","author":"Comelli\n \nI\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(117):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Eur Respir Rev","first-page":"217\u20139","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumothorax: epidemiology, pathophysiology and cause","volume":"19","author":"Noppen\n \nM","year":"2010;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"341\u20137","article-title":"Computed tomography in the etiologic assessment of idiopathic spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"98","author":"Lesur\n \nO\n,","year":"1990;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"1767\u20139","article-title":"Resection of pulmonary blebs and pleurodesis for spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"104","author":"Donahue\n \nDM\n,","year":"1993;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"1009\u201312","article-title":"Smoking and the increased risk of contracting spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"92","author":"Bense\n \nL\n,","year":"1987;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"324\u201331","article-title":"Independent risk factors for cumulative recurrence rate after first spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"4","author":"Lippert\n \nHL\n,","year":"1991;"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"ii18","article-title":"Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010","volume":"65","author":"MacDuff\n \nA\n,","year":"2010;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"590\u2013602","article-title":"Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: an American College of Chest Physicians Delphi consensus statement","volume":"119","author":"Baumann\n \nMH\n,","year":"2001;"},{"key":"CIT0010"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"653\u20138","article-title":"Epidemiology of spontaneous pneumothorax: gender-related differences","volume":"70","author":"Bobbio\n \nA\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg","first-page":"741\u20135","article-title":"Does a gender have something to do with clinical pictures of primary spontaneous pneumothorax?","volume":"68","author":"Tsuboshima\n \nK\n,","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0013"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis","first-page":"640\u20133","article-title":"Different mechanical properties of the lung in boys and girls","volume":"123","author":"Taussig\n \nLM\n,","year":"1981;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"PLOS ONE","first-page":"e0250065","article-title":"Epidemiology of tobacco use in Qatar: prevalence and its associated factors","volume":"16","author":"AlMulla\n \nA\n,","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Tob Induc Dis","article-title":"Tobacco use among young Qatari population: profile, prevalence and predictors","volume":"16","author":"Dogra\n \nV","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"805\u20139","article-title":"Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"52","author":"Sadikot\n \nRT\n,","year":"1997;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Emerg Med Australasia","first-page":"449\u201357","article-title":"Management and outcome of spontaneous pneumothoraces at three urban EDs","volume":"19","author":"Paoloni\n \nR","year":"2007;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"1800864","article-title":"Recurrence rates in primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Walker\n \nSP\n,","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Kuwait Med J","first-page":"288\u201391","article-title":"Ayed Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: rate and risk factors","volume":"41","author":"Alia\n \nAA\n,","year":"2009;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"1274\u201380","article-title":"Association between BMI and recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"41","author":"Tan\n \nJ\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"2163\u201370","article-title":"Recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax is common following chest tube and conservative treatment","volume":"40","author":"Olesen\n \nWH\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg","first-page":"195\u20139","article-title":"Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young adults and children","volume":"21","author":"Noh\n \nD\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"J Adolesc Health","first-page":"527\u201332","article-title":"An age-stratified longitudinal study of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"61","author":"Huang\n \nYH\n,","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"J Thorac Dis","first-page":"E1743\u2013E5","article-title":"Surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"8","author":"Foroulis\n \nCN","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"68\u201373","article-title":"Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus pleural drainage in the management of the first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax","volume":"210","author":"Divisi\n \nD\n,","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg","first-page":"854\u20139","article-title":"Initial management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a 10-year experience","volume":"49","author":"Herrmann\n \nD\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Thorax","first-page":"847\u201353","article-title":"Primary spontaneous pneumothorax: a cohort study of VATS with talc poudrage","volume":"71","author":"Cardillo\n \nG\n,","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Rev Port Cir Cardiotorac Vasc","first-page":"105\u20139","article-title":"Definitive treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax a 10 year experience","volume":"27","author":"Brysch\n \nE\n,","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0030"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2022\/4\/article-56.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2022\/4\/article-56.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2022\/4\/article-56.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:10:13Z","timestamp":1777309813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2022\/4\/article-56.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2022.56","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}