{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:55:17Z","timestamp":1777312517172,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Every year, 14 million babies are born with low birth weight (LBW) and\/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in developing countries. In Sudan, 15-25% of all newborns are born with LBW, with half being Term-LBW. The importance of nutrition in the first 1000 days of life has been well demonstrated. Evidence links IUGR to various health and developmental disorders, and intrauterine programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been strongly suggested as a possible mechanism. Sudan has been listed among the lowest four countries regarding food security which has a massive impact on maternal and infant health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Hypothesis: We hypothesize that infants who suffer from intrauterine growth retardation will have exaggerated physiological and behavioural responses to physical stressors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives: To compare T-LBW with T-NBW on (a) Salivary cortisol level at rest and after a physical stressor and (b) Behavioural response to physical stressors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Hospital-based matched case-control study. Cases were 65 T-LBW neonates, and controls were 67 T-NBW neonates matched for age 4-6 hours, gestational age, and mode of delivery\u2014measurements: Anthropometry, salivary samples for cortisol before and after heel prick, and behavioural ratings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Compared with controls, the IUGR neonates were lighter, shorter, and thinner (p &lt;0.0001) and had lower basal cortisol levels (p &lt;0.03). Following stressors, IUGR neonates had lower (p &gt;0.0001) and inhibited cortisol response (p &lt;0.02), and cried less vigorously (p &lt;0.0001). All anthropometric measures were significantly and positively correlated with behavioural responses and pre- and post-stress cortisol levels. Stunting was more strongly associated with behavioural inhibition than wasting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The severity of intrauterine growth retardation correlated with behavioral and physiological inhibition, which can lead to the development of mismatch diseases such as allergies, autoimmune diseases, and conjunctive disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2023.sqac.32","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T08:31:02Z","timestamp":1761640262000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The correlation between stress response term babies with intrauterine growth restriction and adulthood disease theories"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Manal","family":"Eldegeir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"JACO NGO Email: almanjil@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelius","family":"Ani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for International Child Health, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2023\/2\/article-32.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2023\/2\/article-32.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2023\/2\/article-32.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:20:24Z","timestamp":1777310424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2023\/2\/article-32.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2023.sqac.32","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]}}}