{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:48:36Z","timestamp":1777312116810,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Asthma is a common noncommunicable disease with public health implications due to the rising number of cases among the pediatric population in Qatar.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Aim: The objective of the current study is to explore possible risk factors and associations in relation to pediatric asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema cases in Qatar.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods: Using the Global Asthma Network questionnaires, this study sampled 2646 children, of which 1210 were aged 6\u20137 years and 1436 were aged 13\u201314 years in addition to 3831 adult parents or guardians. The STROBE guidelines were used to ensure the reporting of this cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to produce the odds ratio for the various risk factors and associated factors, respectively. Multiple associations and risk factors for each of the three diseases were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Based on the outcome of a multivariate logistic regression, being born in Qatar was the only risk factor present across all three diseases. Being male, wheezing ever, wheezing after exercise, and having eczema were other risk factors reported for asthma. Being in the older age group, wheezing ever, and having hay fever were other risk factors reported for allergic rhinitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The study concluded that further evaluation into associated and risk factors for asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema is warranted in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2024.49","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T04:31:20Z","timestamp":1727670680000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk factors and associations with atopic diseases in the pediatric population in Qatar"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2024","author":[{"given":"Samer","family":"Hammoudeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Affairs, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prem","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Affairs, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6531-7362","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ibrahim A.","family":"Janahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Education, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar"},{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology, Pediatric Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar*Correspondence: Ibrahim A. Janahi ijanahi@sidra.org"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0001","series-title":"JAMA Pediatr","first-page":"96","article-title":"Atopic diseases in children","volume":"170","author":"Moreno\n \nMA","year":"2016;"},{"key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"246","article-title":"Epidemiology of asthma in children and adults","volume":"7","author":"Dharmage\n \nSC","year":"2019;"},{"issue":"(10311):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1569-80","article-title":"Worldwide trends in the burden of asthma symptoms in school-aged children: Global asthma network phase I cross-sectional study","volume":"398","author":"Asher\n \nMI","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Asthma Res Pract","first-page":"3","article-title":"Epidemiology and utilization of primary health care services in Qatar by asthmatic children 5\u201312 years old: Secondary data analysis 2016\u20132017","volume":"5","author":"Veettil\n \nST","year":"2019;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","first-page":"1440-6","article-title":"The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema among school-aged children in Qatar: A global asthma network study","volume":"57","author":"Hammoudeh\n \nS","year":"2022;"},{"key":"CIT0006","series-title":"J Environ Sci Public Heal","first-page":"431-41","article-title":"Asthma management in Qatar: Environmental challenges and recommendations","volume":"4","author":"Burjaq\n \nR","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Respir Med","first-page":"55-64","article-title":"Burden of disease associated with asthma among the adult general population of five Middle Eastern countries: Results of the SNAPSHOT program","volume":"139","author":"Mungan\n \nD","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"2002094","article-title":"Trends in worldwide asthma prevalence","volume":"56","author":"Asher\n \nMI","year":"2020;"},{"key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Asthma Res Pract","first-page":"1","article-title":"Asthma costs and social impact","volume":"3","author":"Nunes\n \nC","year":"2017;"},{"key":"CIT0010","article-title":"The global asthma report 2018","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(10159):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1859-922","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"392","author":"Kyu\n \nHH","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol","first-page":"311-5","article-title":"Asthma hospitalizations in the state of Qatar: An epidemiologic overview","volume":"96","author":"AlMarri\n \nMRH","year":"2006;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Respirology","first-page":"755-66","article-title":"Respiratory disorders in the Middle East: A review","volume":"16","author":"Waness\n \nA","year":"2011;"},{"key":"CIT0014","series-title":"In: Laher I, editor","first-page":"p. 1-28","article-title":"Asthma among Arab nations: An overview BT - handbook of healthcare in the Arab world","author":"Hammoudeh\n \nS","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Clin Respir J","first-page":"865-77","article-title":"The prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in Middle East countries","volume":"12","author":"Alavinezhad\n \nA","year":"2018;"},{"key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Adv Res Gastroenterol Hepatol","first-page":"555662","article-title":"Dimensions of asthma and its treatment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Literature review","volume":"5","author":"Alreshidi\n \nN","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J 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\nJA","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(Suppl. 1):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"S11\u20136","article-title":"Asthma risk factors","volume":"5","author":"Toskala\n \nE","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(64):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ)","first-page":"290-5","article-title":"Risk factors associated with childhood asthma - A case control study","volume":"16","author":"Dongol\n \nSingh S","year":"2018;"},{"key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"793452","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of asthma in preschool children in Shanghai, China: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Ren\n \nJ","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"163-8","article-title":"Genetics and environmental risk factors associated with asthma in schoolchildren","volume":"37","author":"Bener\n \nA","year":"2005;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","first-page":"80-6","article-title":"Prevalence of asthma among Qatari schoolchildren: International study of asthma and allergies in childhood, Qatar","volume":"41","author":"Janahi\n \nIA","year":"2006;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Off Publ Am Coll Allergy Asthma Immunol","first-page":"360-4","article-title":"Childhood asthma in Qatar","volume":"75","author":"Dawod\n \nST","year":"1995;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"J Family Community Med","first-page":"154-61","article-title":"The impact of vitamin D deficiency on asthma, allergic rhinitis and wheezing in children: An emerging public health problem","volume":"21","author":"Bener\n \nA","year":"2014;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"22","article-title":"Environmental determinants of bronchial asthma among Saudi school 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\nF","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"Iran South Med J","first-page":"972-81","article-title":"Study of prevalence and risk factors of asthma and allergic diseases among school children (6-7 and 13-14 years) based on ISAAC protocol in Jam City, Bushehr province in 2014","volume":"19","author":"Assadi\n \nT","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0249572","article-title":"Risk factor analysis of allergic rhinitis in 6-8 year-old children in Taipei","volume":"16","author":"Ho\n \nC-L","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Asian Pacific J allergy Immunol","first-page":"232-9","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis in children in Bangkok area","volume":"37","author":"Chinratanapisit\n \nS","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Iran South Med J","first-page":"57-69","article-title":"Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases and its 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review","volume":"16","author":"Waness\n \nA","year":"2011;"},{"key":"CIT0014","series-title":"In: Laher I, editor","first-page":"p. 1-28","article-title":"Asthma among Arab nations: An overview BT - handbook of healthcare in the Arab world","author":"Hammoudeh\n \nS","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Clin Respir J","first-page":"865-77","article-title":"The prevalence of asthma and related symptoms in Middle East countries","volume":"12","author":"Alavinezhad\n \nA","year":"2018;"},{"key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Adv Res Gastroenterol Hepatol","first-page":"555662","article-title":"Dimensions of asthma and its treatment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Literature review","volume":"5","author":"Alreshidi\n \nN","year":"2017;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Asthma","first-page":"175\u20138","article-title":"Paternal asthma is a predictor for childhood asthma in the consanguineous families from the United Arab Emirates","volume":"46","author":"Joseph\n \nM","year":"2009;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Rev Environ Health","first-page":"205\u201312","article-title":"Potential causes of asthma in the United Arab Emirates: Drawing insights from the Arabian Gulf","volume":"33","author":"Dalibalta\n \nS","year":"2018;"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"Respiration","first-page":"105\u201311","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of asthma among adolescents and their parents in Al-Ain (United Arab Emirates)","volume":"79","author":"Alsowaidi\n \nS","year":"2010;"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract","first-page":"1111\u201322","article-title":"Risk and protective factors for childhood asthma: What is the evidence?","volume":"4","author":"Castro-Rodriguez\n \nJA","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(Suppl. 1):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol","first-page":"S11\u20136","article-title":"Asthma risk factors","volume":"5","author":"Toskala\n \nE","year":"2015;"},{"issue":"(64):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ)","first-page":"290-5","article-title":"Risk factors associated with childhood asthma - A case control study","volume":"16","author":"Dongol\n \nSingh S","year":"2018;"},{"key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"793452","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of asthma in preschool children in Shanghai, China: A cross-sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Ren\n \nJ","year":"2021;"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol","first-page":"163-8","article-title":"Genetics and environmental risk factors associated with asthma in schoolchildren","volume":"37","author":"Bener\n \nA","year":"2005;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","first-page":"80-6","article-title":"Prevalence of asthma among Qatari schoolchildren: International study of asthma and allergies in childhood, Qatar","volume":"41","author":"Janahi\n \nIA","year":"2006;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Off Publ Am Coll Allergy Asthma Immunol","first-page":"360-4","article-title":"Childhood asthma in Qatar","volume":"75","author":"Dawod\n \nST","year":"1995;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"J Family Community Med","first-page":"154-61","article-title":"The impact of vitamin D deficiency on asthma, allergic rhinitis and wheezing in children: An emerging public health problem","volume":"21","author":"Bener\n \nA","year":"2014;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health","first-page":"22","article-title":"Environmental determinants of bronchial asthma among Saudi school children in Southwestern Saudi Arabia","volume":"14","author":"Alqahtani\n \nJM","year":"2016;"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res","first-page":"e000658","article-title":"Global 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