{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:44:28Z","timestamp":1788911068219,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p\/>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pertussis, a highly contagious disease, has made a resurgence following the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Infants under three months old are particularly vulnerable due to their immature immune systems and lack of protective vaccination.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study presents a case series of four infants, aged one to three months, who initially presented with nonspecific respiratory symptoms at Alkhor Hospital between January and June 2024. Subsequent diagnostic testing confirmed pertussis in all four cases. It is noteworthy that all cases involved were previously healthy infants with no underlying health conditions. Additionally, none of the mothers had received the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    All infants required hospitalization, with one being admitted to the PICU for eight days. Ultimately, all four infants made a full recovery.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pertussis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants under three months of age. Given the potential for severe complications and the burden it places on the healthcare system during outbreaks, it is crucial to emphasize preventive measures such as maternal vaccination.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2025.18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T03:30:26Z","timestamp":1745206226000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Whooping cough in the most vulnerable: A case series of pertussis in infants younger than three months in Qatar"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9156-2962","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alesali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Elhamidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Al Khor Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","article-title":"Pertussis. 7 October 2022. In: StatPearls [online]","author":"Lauria Ashley\n \nM\n,"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"326\u201382","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies","volume":"18","author":"Mattoo\n \nS\n,","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Med Trop Sante Int","first-page":"mtsi.v3i4.2023.446","article-title":"La coqueluche dans le monde. Vacciner l'enfant et l'adulte","volume":"3","author":"Gendrel\n \nD\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"BMC Public Health","first-page":"405","article-title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Bordetella pertussis infections in England","volume":"22","author":"Tessier\n \nE\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(25):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Euro Surveill","first-page":"2100933","article-title":"Association between the COVID-19 pandemic and pertussis derived from multiple nationwide data sources, France, 2013 to 2020","volume":"27","author":"Matczak\n \nS\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Arch Dis Child","first-page":"e19","article-title":"Waning infant pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"107","author":"Falkenstein-Hagander\n \nK\n,","year":"2022;"},{"issue":"385:","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"BMJ","first-page":"q1348","article-title":"Analysis reveals global post-covid surge in infectious diseases","author":"Feinmann\n \nJ","year":"2024"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines","first-page":"621\u201338","article-title":"A systematic review of the burden of pertussis disease in infants and the effectiveness of maternal immunization against pertussis","volume":"19","author":"Kandeil\n \nW\n,","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"1044\u20136","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory features of pertussis in infants at the onset of a California epidemic","volume":"159","author":"Nieves\n \nDJ\n,","year":"2011"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"Pathog Dis","first-page":"ftw087","article-title":"Pertussis leukocytosis: mechanisms, clinical relevance and treatment","volume":"74","author":"Carbonetti\n \nNH","year":"2016"},{"key":"CIT0011"},{"key":"CIT0012"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"1005\u201326","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of pertussis","volume":"28","author":"van de Zee\n \nA\n,","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Indian J Pediatr","first-page":"189\u201393","article-title":"Bordetella Pertussis infection in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis","volume":"85","author":"G\u00f6k\u00e7e \u015e, Kurug\u00f6l\n \nZ\n,","year":"2017"},{"issue":"9:","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Front Pediatr","first-page":"621381","article-title":"Etiologies of hospitalized acute bronchiolitis in children 2 years of age and younger: a 3 years\u2019 study during a Pertussis epidemic","author":"Chen\n \nS\n,","year":"2021"},{"key":"CIT0016","author":"Loeffelholz\n \nM\n,"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"Clin Radiol","first-page":"39\u201343","article-title":"The chest radiograph in whooping cough","volume":"38","author":"Bellamy\n \nEA\n,","year":"1987"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J","first-page":"202\u20135","article-title":"An observational study of severe pertussis in 100 infants \u2264\u00a0120 days of age","volume":"37","author":"Cherry James\n \nD\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"West J Emerg Med","first-page":"191\u20137","article-title":"Pertussis: The identify, isolate, inform tool applied to a re-emerging respiratory illness","volume":"20","author":"Koenig\n \nKL\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"16:","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"(5):CD003257","article-title":"Symptomatic treatment of the cough in whooping cough","author":"Bettiol\n \nS\n,","year":"2012"},{"key":"CIT0021"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD004404","article-title":"Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis)","volume":"2007","author":"Altunaiji\n \nS\n,","year":"2007"},{"key":"CIT0023"},{"key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Vaccine","first-page":"(51):","article-title":"Maternal Tdap and influenza vaccination uptake 2017\u20132021 in the United States: implications for maternal RSV vaccine uptake in the future","volume":"41","author":"Law\n \nAW\n,","year":"2023"},{"key":"CIT0001","article-title":"Pertussis. 7 October 2022. 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\nS\n,","year":"2007"},{"key":"CIT0023"},{"key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Vaccine","first-page":"(51):","article-title":"Maternal Tdap and influenza vaccination uptake 2017\u20132021 in the United States: implications for maternal RSV vaccine uptake in the future","volume":"41","author":"Law\n \nAW\n,","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical 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