{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:53:45Z","timestamp":1777312425221,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes of cemented collared composite beam (CB) and collarless taper slip (TS) femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty (THA).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Four databases were searched from inception to August 2023 for original studies that compared the outcomes of cemented CB and TS femoral stems following THA. The primary outcome was aseptic loosening, and the secondary outcomes were periprosthetic fractures, instability, dislocation, revision, survivorship, and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 11 studies with 730,769 hips were included, with a mean follow-up period of 8.48\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.07 years and average MINORS (Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies) score of 17.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.86. There was a statistically significant difference in aseptic loosening (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.19\u20130.43,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and PJI rate (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.53\u20130.71,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) between the CB and TS groups in favor of the latter. However, periprosthetic fracture, revision rate, survivorship, instability, and dislocation were similar in both groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0\u00a0NS).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study showed a significantly higher aseptic loosening and PJI in the CB group compared to the TS stem type. However, other outcomes were comparable. Due to confounding effects, these results must be interpreted in context.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2025.20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T03:30:26Z","timestamp":1745206226000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcomes of cemented taper slip versus composite beam femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8414-2660","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Loay A.","family":"Salman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harman","family":"Khatkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal London hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jawad","family":"Derbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed F.A.","family":"Radi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jehad","family":"Feras AlSamhori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wael","family":"Al-Atout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Speciality Hospital, Amman, Jordan*Correspondence: Loay A. Salman. Email: loayasalman@gmail.com"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama Z.","family":"Alzoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghalib","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"key":"CIT0001"},{"key":"CIT0002","article-title":"National Joint Registry 17th Annual Report. [online]. 2020. 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Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: V the PRISMA statement","volume":"151","author":"Moher\n \nD\n,","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"ANZ J Surg","first-page":"712\u2013716","article-title":"Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors):  Development and validation of a new instrument","volume":"73","author":"Slim\n \nK\n,","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Acta Orthop Scand","first-page":"515\u2013520","article-title":"Exeter and Charnley arthroplasties with Boneloc or high viscosity cement: Comparison of 1, 127 arthroplasties followed for 5 years in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register","volume":"68","author":"Furnes\n \nO\n,","year":"1997"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"1652\u20131656","article-title":"Risk factors for periprosthetic fractures of the hip:  a survivorship analysis","volume":"466","author":"Cook\n \nRE\n,","year":"2008"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"546\u2013553","article-title":"Implant survival of the most common cemented total hip devices from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association database","volume":"87","author":"Junnila\n \nM\n,","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(10):","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"1347\u20131354","article-title":"The influence of cemented femoral stem choice on the incidence of revision for periprosthetic fracture after primary total hip arthroplasty: an analysis of national joint registry data","volume":"98-B","author":"Palan\n \nJ\n,","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"1120\u20131125","article-title":"Polished, collarless, tapered, cemented stems for primary hip arthroplasty may exhibit high rate of periprosthetic fracture at short-term follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Scott\n \nT\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"124\u2013134","article-title":"A multicentre comparative analysis of fixation versus revision surgery for periprosthetic femoral fractures following total hip arthroplasty with a cemented polished taper-slip femoral component","volume":"105-B","author":"Jain\n \nS\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(7S):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"S598\u2013S603","article-title":"Collarless taper slip and collared composite beam stems differ in failure modes and reoperation rates","volume":"37","author":"Rames\n \nRD\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Hip Int","first-page":"1035\u20131042","article-title":"Survival rates of anatomically shaped and tapered slip cemented femoral implants: an analysis of 76,281 femoral implants of the Dutch arthroplasty register (LROI)","volume":"33","author":"Heijnens\n \nLJ\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Irish J Med Sci","first-page":"251\u2013255","article-title":"The utility of cemented femoral stems in modern THA:  a 10-year comparative analysis of the Charnley and Exeter stems","volume":"193","author":"White-Gibson\n \nA\n,","year":"2024"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"JBJS","first-page":"19\u201327","article-title":"Effect of sliding-taper compared with composite-beam cemented femoral prosthesis loading regime on proximal femoral bone remodeling: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"95","author":"Jayasuriya\n \nRL\n,","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"1827\u20131834","article-title":"Mortality following hip arthroplasty\u2013inappropriate use of National Joint Registry (NJR) data","volume":"29","author":"Whitehouse\n \nSL\n,","year":"2014"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Bone Joint Res","first-page":"256\u2013258","article-title":"Future registry research:  database linkage in Trauma and Orthopaedics","volume":"12","author":"Farrow\n \nL\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med","first-page":"47\u201359","article-title":"Femoral stem cementation in hip arthroplasty:  the know-how of a \u201clost\u201d art","volume":"14","author":"Emara\n \nAK\n,","year":"2021"},{"key":"CIT0026","article-title":"Radiostereometric evaluation of hip implant design and surface finish: micromotion of cemented femoral stems [online]. 2000","author":"K\u00e4rrholm\n \nJ\n,"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"551\u2013552","article-title":"Radiostereometric analysis of early implant migration \u2013 a valuable tool to ensure proper introduction of new implants","volume":"83","author":"K\u00e4rrholm\n \nJ","year":"2012"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"1683-1688","article-title":"Postoperative periprosthetic fractures in patients with an Exeter stem due to a femoral neck fracture: cumulative incidence and surgical outcome","volume":"39","author":"Inngul\n \nC\n,","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"1565\u20131571","article-title":"More reoperations for periprosthetic fracture after cemented hemiarthroplasty with polished taper-slip stems than after anatomical and straight stems in the treatment of hip fractures: a study from the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register 2005 to 2016","volume":"100-B","author":"Kristensen\n \nTB\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0030","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"71\u201378","article-title":"B2 or not B2? That is the question: a review of periprosthetic fractures around cemented taper-slip femoral components","volume":"103-B","author":"Maggs\n \nJL\n,","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0031","series-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg","first-page":"4075\u20134085","article-title":"Post-operative peri-prosthetic fracture rates following the use of cemented polished taper-slip stems for primary total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Baryeh\n \nK\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"427\u2013432","article-title":"Reduced periprosthetic fracture rate when changing from a tapered polished stem to an anatomical stem for cemented hip arthroplasty: an observational prospective cohort study with a follow-up of 2 years","volume":"90","author":"Mohammed\n \nJ\n,","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg","first-page":"803\u2013809","article-title":"Increased risk for postoperative periprosthetic fracture in hip fracture patients with the Exeter stem than the anatomic SP2 Lubinus stem","volume":"47","author":"Mellner\n \nC\n,","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1004\u20131014","article-title":"Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection after hip replacement: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Lenguerrand\n \nE\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"302\u2013345","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection","volume":"27","author":"Tande\n \nAJ\n,","year":"2014"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0036","series-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol","first-page":"1\u20138","article-title":"The outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in developmental dysplasia of hip versus osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Salman\n \nLA\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"3043\u20133052","article-title":"The outcomes of total hip replacement in osteonecrosis versus osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Salman\n \nLA\n,","year":"2023"},{"key":"CIT0001"},{"key":"CIT0002","article-title":"National Joint Registry 17th Annual Report. [online]. 2020. [Accessed 1 June 2023]","author":"Registry\n \nNJ"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"Arthritis Res Ther","first-page":"27","article-title":"Osteoarthritis: a narrative review of molecular approaches to disease management","volume":"25","author":"Salman\n \nLA\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev","first-page":"e21.00263","article-title":"Epidemiology of obese patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty: understanding demographics, comorbidities, and propensity weighted analysis of inpatient outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Hussein\n \nIH\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Bone Joint Surg Br","first-page":"1409\u20131418","article-title":"The design features of cemented femoral hip implants","volume":"88","author":"Scheerlinck\n \nT\n,","year":"2006"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"214\u2013219","article-title":"Not all cemented hips are the same: a register-based (NJR) comparison of taper-slip and composite beam femoral stems","volume":"90","author":"Kazi\n \nHA\n,","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"402\u2013412","article-title":"18 years of results with cemented primary hip prostheses in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register: concerns about some newer implants","volume":"80","author":"Espehaug\n \nB\n,","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"JBJS","first-page":"171\u2013177","article-title":"Twenty-five-year survivorship of two thousand consecutive primary Charnley total hip replacements: factors affecting survivorship of acetabular and femoral components","volume":"84","author":"Berry\n \nDJ\n,","year":"2002"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"511\u2013517","article-title":"The long-term results of the original Exeter polished cemented femoral component: a follow-up report","volume":"24","author":"Ling\n \nRS\n,","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"1002\u20131009","article-title":"The Exeter V40 cemented femoral component at a minimum 10-year follow-up:  the first 540 cases","volume":"100-B","author":"Westerman\n \nRW\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"264\u2013269, W64","article-title":"Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: V the PRISMA statement","volume":"151","author":"Moher\n \nD\n,","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"ANZ J Surg","first-page":"712\u2013716","article-title":"Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors):  Development and validation of a new instrument","volume":"73","author":"Slim\n \nK\n,","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Acta Orthop Scand","first-page":"515\u2013520","article-title":"Exeter and Charnley arthroplasties with Boneloc or high viscosity cement: Comparison of 1, 127 arthroplasties followed for 5 years in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register","volume":"68","author":"Furnes\n \nO\n,","year":"1997"},{"issue":"(7):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"1652\u20131656","article-title":"Risk factors for periprosthetic fractures of the hip:  a survivorship analysis","volume":"466","author":"Cook\n \nRE\n,","year":"2008"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"546\u2013553","article-title":"Implant survival of the most common cemented total hip devices from the Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association database","volume":"87","author":"Junnila\n \nM\n,","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(10):","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"1347\u20131354","article-title":"The influence of cemented femoral stem choice on the incidence of revision for periprosthetic fracture after primary total hip arthroplasty: an analysis of national joint registry data","volume":"98-B","author":"Palan\n \nJ\n,","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"1120\u20131125","article-title":"Polished, collarless, tapered, cemented stems for primary hip arthroplasty may exhibit high rate of periprosthetic fracture at short-term follow-up","volume":"33","author":"Scott\n \nT\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"124\u2013134","article-title":"A multicentre comparative analysis of fixation versus revision surgery for periprosthetic femoral fractures following total hip arthroplasty with a cemented polished taper-slip femoral component","volume":"105-B","author":"Jain\n \nS\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(7S):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"S598\u2013S603","article-title":"Collarless taper slip and collared composite beam stems differ in failure modes and reoperation rates","volume":"37","author":"Rames\n \nRD\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Hip Int","first-page":"1035\u20131042","article-title":"Survival rates of anatomically shaped and tapered slip cemented femoral implants: an analysis of 76,281 femoral implants of the Dutch arthroplasty register (LROI)","volume":"33","author":"Heijnens\n \nLJ\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Irish J Med Sci","first-page":"251\u2013255","article-title":"The utility of cemented femoral stems in modern THA:  a 10-year comparative analysis of the Charnley and Exeter stems","volume":"193","author":"White-Gibson\n \nA\n,","year":"2024"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"JBJS","first-page":"19\u201327","article-title":"Effect of sliding-taper compared with composite-beam cemented femoral prosthesis loading regime on proximal femoral bone remodeling: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"95","author":"Jayasuriya\n \nRL\n,","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"J Arthroplasty","first-page":"1827\u20131834","article-title":"Mortality following hip arthroplasty\u2013inappropriate use of National Joint Registry (NJR) data","volume":"29","author":"Whitehouse\n \nSL\n,","year":"2014"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Bone Joint Res","first-page":"256\u2013258","article-title":"Future registry research:  database linkage in Trauma and Orthopaedics","volume":"12","author":"Farrow\n \nL\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med","first-page":"47\u201359","article-title":"Femoral stem cementation in hip arthroplasty:  the know-how of a \u201clost\u201d art","volume":"14","author":"Emara\n \nAK\n,","year":"2021"},{"key":"CIT0026","article-title":"Radiostereometric evaluation of hip implant design and surface finish: micromotion of cemented femoral stems [online]. 2000","author":"K\u00e4rrholm\n \nJ\n,"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"551\u2013552","article-title":"Radiostereometric analysis of early implant migration \u2013 a valuable tool to ensure proper introduction of new implants","volume":"83","author":"K\u00e4rrholm\n \nJ","year":"2012"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"1683-1688","article-title":"Postoperative periprosthetic fractures in patients with an Exeter stem due to a femoral neck fracture: cumulative incidence and surgical outcome","volume":"39","author":"Inngul\n \nC\n,","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"1565\u20131571","article-title":"More reoperations for periprosthetic fracture after cemented hemiarthroplasty with polished taper-slip stems than after anatomical and straight stems in the treatment of hip fractures: a study from the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register 2005 to 2016","volume":"100-B","author":"Kristensen\n \nTB\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0030","series-title":"Bone Joint J","first-page":"71\u201378","article-title":"B2 or not B2? That is the question: a review of periprosthetic fractures around cemented taper-slip femoral components","volume":"103-B","author":"Maggs\n \nJL\n,","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0031","series-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg","first-page":"4075\u20134085","article-title":"Post-operative peri-prosthetic fracture rates following the use of cemented polished taper-slip stems for primary total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Baryeh\n \nK\n,","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"Acta Orthop","first-page":"427\u2013432","article-title":"Reduced periprosthetic fracture rate when changing from a tapered polished stem to an anatomical stem for cemented hip arthroplasty: an observational prospective cohort study with a follow-up of 2 years","volume":"90","author":"Mohammed\n \nJ\n,","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg","first-page":"803\u2013809","article-title":"Increased risk for postoperative periprosthetic fracture in hip fracture patients with the Exeter stem than the anatomic SP2 Lubinus stem","volume":"47","author":"Mellner\n \nC\n,","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(9):","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1004\u20131014","article-title":"Risk factors associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection after hip replacement: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Lenguerrand\n \nE\n,","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"302\u2013345","article-title":"Prosthetic joint infection","volume":"27","author":"Tande\n \nAJ\n,","year":"2014"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0036","series-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol","first-page":"1\u20138","article-title":"The outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in developmental dysplasia of hip versus osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Salman\n \nLA\n,","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(12):","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Int Orthop","first-page":"3043\u20133052","article-title":"The outcomes of total hip replacement in osteonecrosis versus osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Salman\n \nLA\n,","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/1\/article-20.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/1\/article-20.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/1\/article-20.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:16:56Z","timestamp":1777310216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/1\/article-20.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2025.20","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}