{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:53:47Z","timestamp":1777312427743,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:bold>\n Invasive candidiasis has risen alarmingly over the last decades, with diagnosis often complicated by colonization at multiple body sites. The\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n score offers a simplified tool to help identify patients at risk of invasive candidiasis, particularly in intensive care unit (ICU) settings; however, its applicability in patients with broader characteristics remains uncertain. Moreover, research on\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n colonization and the utility of such tools in Indonesia is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical and laboratory characteristics and patient outcomes, while also assessing the predictive value of the\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n score in both ICU and non-ICU patients at a tertiary academic hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n This is an observational retrospective cohort study. During the period of January 2019 to December 2021, recorded laboratory data and clinical characteristics of patients (ICU and non-ICU patients) whose specimens yielded\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n spp. were collected through electronic health records. The correlation of laboratory profile and clinical characteristics with the outcome was analyzed comparatively using bivariate and multivariate analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n Ward status, length of stay, number of comorbid, history of steroids,\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n score of \u22653, and mechanical ventilation were significantly correlated with the non-survivor group. Multivariate analysis showed that intensive care status and a\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n score \u22653 were found to have the strongest and independent correlation with the non-survivor group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2264 0.001; OR 11.8 [95% CI, 4.368\u201331.962] and\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004; OR, 3.9 [95% CI, 1.562\u20139.065], respectively).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n Being in the ICU and having a\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n score of \u22653 was independently correlated with poorer clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n spp. colonization.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2025.84","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T12:30:44Z","timestamp":1758630644000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of the Candida score as a mortality predictor in hospitalized patients with Candida spp. colonization: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.5339","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Luthvia","family":"Annisa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamad S.","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu T.","family":"Aman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tri","family":"Wibawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, UGM Academic Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia*Correspondence: Luthvia Annisa luthvia.annisa@ugm.ac.id"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3277","reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Int J Infect Dis","first-page":"357","article-title":"Candida colonization as a predictor of invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic ICU patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Alenazy\n \nH","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Virulence","first-page":"89\u2013121","article-title":"Pathogenesis and virulence of Candida albicans","volume":"13","author":"Lopes\n \nJP","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"J Infect","first-page":"106229","article-title":"Attributable mortality of candidemia - results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European Observational Cohort Study","volume":"89","author":"Salmanton-Garc\u00eda\n \nJ","year":"2024"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"751\u201361","article-title":"Guideline adherence and survival of patients with candidaemia in Europe: results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European observational cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Hoenigl\n \nM","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(15):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Ann Transl Med","first-page":"917","article-title":"Evaluation of the updated \u201cCandida score\u201d with Sepsis 3.0 criteria in critically ill patients","volume":"8","author":"Li\n \nD","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"345\u201355","article-title":"Risk factors for invasive Candida infection in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Thomas-Ruddel\n \nDO","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Burns","first-page":"326\u201332","article-title":"Predisposing factors for candidemia in patients with major burns","volume":"41","author":"Fochtmann\n \nA","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Pathogens","first-page":"212","article-title":"Fungal colonization and infections-interactions with other human diseases","volume":"11","author":"Mahalingam\n \nSS","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"235\u201343","article-title":"Rules for identifying patients at increased risk for candidal infections in the surgical intensive care unit: approach to developing practical criteria for systematic use in antifungal prophylaxis trials","volume":"43","author":"Paphitou\n \nNI","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis","first-page":"271\u20136","article-title":"Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting","volume":"26","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner\n \nL","year":"2007"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Crit Care","first-page":"109","article-title":"Risk factors for candidemia: a prospective matched case-control study","volume":"24","author":"Poissy\n \nJ","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Crit Care Med","first-page":"1624\u201333","article-title":"Usefulness of the \u201cCandida score\u201d for discriminating between Candida colonization and invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"37","author":"Leon\n \nC","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Ann Intensive Care","first-page":"50","article-title":"Evaluation of \u201cCandida score\u201d in critically ill patients: a prospective, multicenter, observational, cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Leroy\n \nG","year":"2011"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Crit Care","first-page":"242","article-title":"Need for expanded Candida Score for empiric antifungal use in medically critically ill patients?","volume":"23","author":"Laine\n \nME","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"685\u2013702","article-title":"Epidemiology of Candida species infections in critically ill non-immunosuppressed patients","volume":"3","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F454\u20139","article-title":"Update on the management of Candida infections in preterm neonates","volume":"100","author":"Manzoni\n \nP","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Int Med Res","first-page":"3000 605221131122","article-title":"Characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of bloodstream Candida infections in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Hohmann\n \nFB","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Clin Chest Med","first-page":"493\u2013509","article-title":"Candidemia in the intensive care unit","volume":"38","author":"Epelbaum\n \nO","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1324\u201330","article-title":"Candida colonization as a risk marker for invasive candidiasis in mixed medical-surgical intensive care units: development and evaluation of a simple, standard protocol","volume":"53","author":"Lau\n \nAF","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Clin Pulm Med","first-page":"197\u2013201","article-title":"Respiratory tract colonization by Candida species portends worse outcomes in immunocompromised patients","volume":"25","author":"Pendleton\n \nKM","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Can Respir J","first-page":"131\u20136","article-title":"Impact of Candida species on clinical outcomes in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"18","author":"Delisle\n \nMS","year":"2011"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"airway colonization could promote antibiotic-resistant bacteria selection in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med","first-page":"1272\u20139","article-title":"Candida spp","volume":"38","author":"Hamet\n \nM","year":"2012"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","first-page":"1082\u20139","article-title":"Association of chronic Candida albicans respiratory infection with a more severe lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"50","author":"Gileles-Hillel\n \nA","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med","first-page":"514\u201320","article-title":"External validation of risk prediction scores for invasive Candidiasis in a medical\/surgical intensive care unit: an observational study","volume":"21","author":"Ahmed\n \nA","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant","first-page":"329\u201332","article-title":"Role of the mycobiome in human acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"19","author":"van\n \nder Velden WJ","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"e0032320","article-title":"Interplay between Candida albicans and lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract: impact on colonization resistance, microbial carriage, opportunistic infection, and host immunity","volume":"34","author":"Zeise\n \nKD","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"PLoS Biol","first-page":"e1001510","article-title":"Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenicity are intertwined traits directed by a tightly knit transcriptional regulatory circuit","volume":"11","author":"Perez\n \nJC","year":"2013;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Pathog Dis","first-page":"ftx029","article-title":"The significance of Candida in the human respiratory tract: our evolving understanding","volume":"75","author":"Pendleton\n \nKM","year":"2017"},{"key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)","first-page":"598037","article-title":"Candida colonization in the respiratory tract: what is the significance?","volume":"7","author":"Liu\n \nJ","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0030","series-title":"Med Princ Pract","first-page":"98\u2013102","article-title":"Candida pneumonia: an innocent bystander or a silent killer?","volume":"31","author":"Meena\n \nDS","year":"2022;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0031","series-title":"Where could we do better? J Hosp Infect","first-page":"302\u20138","article-title":"Preventing invasive Candida infections","volume":"89","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"J Mycol Med","first-page":"293\u2013302","article-title":"Candiduria: evidence-based approach to management, are we there yet?","volume":"27","author":"Alfouzan\n \nWA","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med","first-page":"357\u201360","article-title":"Diagnosing catheter-associated urinary tract infection in critically ill patients: do the guidelines help?","volume":"22","author":"Saran\n \nS","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e1\u201350","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the management of Candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas\n \nPG","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","first-page":"ofac383","article-title":"Kappaey role of early source control in Candidemic patients with sepsis or septic shock","volume":"9","author":"Papadimitriou-Olivgeris\n \nM","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0036","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"1459\u201369","article-title":"Appropriate source control and antifungal therapy are associated with improved survival in critically ill surgical patients with intra-abdominal Candidiasis","volume":"44","author":"Yan\n \nT","year":"2020;"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Intensive Care Med","first-page":"1514\u201321","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis: comparison of management choices by infectious disease and critical care specialists","volume":"31","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2005"},{"key":"CIT0001","series-title":"Int J Infect Dis","first-page":"357","article-title":"Candida colonization as a predictor of invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic ICU patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Alenazy\n \nH","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0002","series-title":"Virulence","first-page":"89\u2013121","article-title":"Pathogenesis and virulence of Candida albicans","volume":"13","author":"Lopes\n \nJP","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0003","series-title":"J Infect","first-page":"106229","article-title":"Attributable mortality of candidemia - results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European Observational Cohort Study","volume":"89","author":"Salmanton-Garc\u00eda\n \nJ","year":"2024"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0004","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"751\u201361","article-title":"Guideline adherence and survival of patients with candidaemia in Europe: results from the ECMM Candida III multinational European observational cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Hoenigl\n \nM","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(15):","key":"CIT0005","series-title":"Ann Transl Med","first-page":"917","article-title":"Evaluation of the updated \u201cCandida score\u201d with Sepsis 3.0 criteria in critically ill patients","volume":"8","author":"Li\n \nD","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0006","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"345\u201355","article-title":"Risk factors for invasive Candida infection in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Thomas-Ruddel\n \nDO","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0007","series-title":"Burns","first-page":"326\u201332","article-title":"Predisposing factors for candidemia in patients with major burns","volume":"41","author":"Fochtmann\n \nA","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0008","series-title":"Pathogens","first-page":"212","article-title":"Fungal colonization and infections-interactions with other human diseases","volume":"11","author":"Mahalingam\n \nSS","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0009","series-title":"Med Mycol","first-page":"235\u201343","article-title":"Rules for identifying patients at increased risk for candidal infections in the surgical intensive care unit: approach to developing practical criteria for systematic use in antifungal prophylaxis trials","volume":"43","author":"Paphitou\n \nNI","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0010","series-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis","first-page":"271\u20136","article-title":"Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting","volume":"26","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner\n \nL","year":"2007"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0011","series-title":"Crit Care","first-page":"109","article-title":"Risk factors for candidemia: a prospective matched case-control study","volume":"24","author":"Poissy\n \nJ","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0012","series-title":"Crit Care Med","first-page":"1624\u201333","article-title":"Usefulness of the \u201cCandida score\u201d for discriminating between Candida colonization and invasive candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill patients: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"37","author":"Leon\n \nC","year":"2009"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0013","series-title":"Ann Intensive Care","first-page":"50","article-title":"Evaluation of \u201cCandida score\u201d in critically ill patients: a prospective, multicenter, observational, cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Leroy\n \nG","year":"2011"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0014","series-title":"Crit Care","first-page":"242","article-title":"Need for expanded Candida Score for empiric antifungal use in medically critically ill patients?","volume":"23","author":"Laine\n \nME","year":"2019"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0015","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"685\u2013702","article-title":"Epidemiology of Candida species infections in critically ill non-immunosuppressed patients","volume":"3","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2003"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0016","series-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed","first-page":"F454\u20139","article-title":"Update on the management of Candida infections in preterm neonates","volume":"100","author":"Manzoni\n \nP","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0017","series-title":"J Int Med Res","first-page":"3000 605221131122","article-title":"Characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of bloodstream Candida infections in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Hohmann\n \nFB","year":"2023"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0018","series-title":"Clin Chest Med","first-page":"493\u2013509","article-title":"Candidemia in the intensive care unit","volume":"38","author":"Epelbaum\n \nO","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0019","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1324\u201330","article-title":"Candida colonization as a risk marker for invasive candidiasis in mixed medical-surgical intensive care units: development and evaluation of a simple, standard protocol","volume":"53","author":"Lau\n \nAF","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(6):","key":"CIT0020","series-title":"Clin Pulm Med","first-page":"197\u2013201","article-title":"Respiratory tract colonization by Candida species portends worse outcomes in immunocompromised patients","volume":"25","author":"Pendleton\n \nKM","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0021","series-title":"Can Respir J","first-page":"131\u20136","article-title":"Impact of Candida species on clinical outcomes in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"18","author":"Delisle\n \nMS","year":"2011"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0022","series-title":"airway colonization could promote antibiotic-resistant bacteria selection in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med","first-page":"1272\u20139","article-title":"Candida spp","volume":"38","author":"Hamet\n \nM","year":"2012"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0023","series-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol","first-page":"1082\u20139","article-title":"Association of chronic Candida albicans respiratory infection with a more severe lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"50","author":"Gileles-Hillel\n \nA","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0024","series-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med","first-page":"514\u201320","article-title":"External validation of risk prediction scores for invasive Candidiasis in a medical\/surgical intensive care unit: an observational study","volume":"21","author":"Ahmed\n \nA","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(2):","key":"CIT0025","series-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant","first-page":"329\u201332","article-title":"Role of the mycobiome in human acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"19","author":"van\n \nder Velden WJ","year":"2013"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0026","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"e0032320","article-title":"Interplay between Candida albicans and lactic acid bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract: impact on colonization resistance, microbial carriage, opportunistic infection, and host immunity","volume":"34","author":"Zeise\n \nKD","year":"2021"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0027","series-title":"PLoS Biol","first-page":"e1001510","article-title":"Candida albicans commensalism and pathogenicity are intertwined traits directed by a tightly knit transcriptional regulatory circuit","volume":"11","author":"Perez\n \nJC","year":"2013;"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0028","series-title":"Pathog Dis","first-page":"ftx029","article-title":"The significance of Candida in the human respiratory tract: our evolving understanding","volume":"75","author":"Pendleton\n \nKM","year":"2017"},{"key":"CIT0029","series-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)","first-page":"598037","article-title":"Candida colonization in the respiratory tract: what is the significance?","volume":"7","author":"Liu\n \nJ","year":"2020"},{"issue":"(1):","key":"CIT0030","series-title":"Med Princ Pract","first-page":"98\u2013102","article-title":"Candida pneumonia: an innocent bystander or a silent killer?","volume":"31","author":"Meena\n \nDS","year":"2022;"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0031","series-title":"Where could we do better? J Hosp Infect","first-page":"302\u20138","article-title":"Preventing invasive Candida infections","volume":"89","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2015"},{"issue":"(3):","key":"CIT0032","series-title":"J Mycol Med","first-page":"293\u2013302","article-title":"Candiduria: evidence-based approach to management, are we there yet?","volume":"27","author":"Alfouzan\n \nWA","year":"2017"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0033","series-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med","first-page":"357\u201360","article-title":"Diagnosing catheter-associated urinary tract infection in critically ill patients: do the guidelines help?","volume":"22","author":"Saran\n \nS","year":"2018"},{"issue":"(4):","key":"CIT0034","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e1\u201350","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the management of Candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas\n \nPG","year":"2016"},{"issue":"(8):","key":"CIT0035","series-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis","first-page":"ofac383","article-title":"Kappaey role of early source control in Candidemic patients with sepsis or septic shock","volume":"9","author":"Papadimitriou-Olivgeris\n \nM","year":"2022"},{"issue":"(5):","key":"CIT0036","series-title":"World J Surg","first-page":"1459\u201369","article-title":"Appropriate source control and antifungal therapy are associated with improved survival in critically ill surgical patients with intra-abdominal Candidiasis","volume":"44","author":"Yan\n \nT","year":"2020;"},{"issue":"(11):","key":"CIT0037","series-title":"Intensive Care Med","first-page":"1514\u201321","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis: comparison of management choices by infectious disease and critical care specialists","volume":"31","author":"Eggimann\n \nP","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Qatar Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/3\/article-84.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/3\/article-84.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/3\/article-84.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:17:05Z","timestamp":1777310225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.qscience.com\/view\/journals\/qmj\/2025\/3\/article-84.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2025.84","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-0426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-0426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}