{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T19:50:22Z","timestamp":1789156222029,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rde.ac"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Restor Dent Endod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;\/i&gt; study evaluated the effects of various sugary and non-sugary beverages on the color change of a dental composite and the subsequent bleaching efficacy.Methods: Forty-nine disc-shaped composite samples (Neo Spectra ST, Dentsply Sirona) were split into seven groups at random (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 7). Distilled water was used to hydrate each sample for 24 hours at 37\u00b0C. After 24 hours, the first color measurements (T0) were made by using a clinical spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade Compact; VITA Zahnfabrik). Color measurements were repeated after 7 days (T1) and 14 days (T2) of immersion in distilled water (control), tea, coffee, sugary tea, sugary coffee, tea with sweetener added, and coffee with sweetener added. After staining for 2 weeks, the specimens were bleached for 6 hours a day for a week using 16% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence Ultradent Products). Color measurements were taken again after bleaching (T3). Using CIEDE2000, color differences (\u0394E) were computed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and repeated measures ANOVA with a Tukey &lt;i&gt;post hoc&lt;\/i&gt; test were used to evaluate the data.Results: After 1 week, coffee-containing solutions produced significantly greater discoloration than the control (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). By 2 weeks, tea groups exhibited similar discoloration to coffee groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The addition of sugar or sweetener had no significant effect (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). Post-bleaching, coffee groups showed lower Whiteness Index values than the control, without statistical significance (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &gt; 0.05).Conclusions: Coffee and tea markedly stain resin composites, with discoloration persisting post-bleaching, while sugar or sweetener additions exert no significant effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T05:12:48Z","timestamp":1775020368000},"page":"e16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5395\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of sugar and sweetener on the bleachability of coffee and tea-induced stains on composites: an in vitro experimental study"],"prefix":"10.5395","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2343-9131","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nilay","family":"Bayraktar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7290-3153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Osman Kerim Arda","family":"Karaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5657-8901","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yunus","family":"Ek\u015f\u0131l\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2718-2889","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mustafa Furkan","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-5063","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Osman Tolga","family":"Harorli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3349","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15143068"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29252\/jrdms.4.2.1"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-017-0337-y"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-6-2-18"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2006.01.004"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2005.03.011"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"891","volume-title":"Tooth-bleaching: a review of the efficacy and adverse effects of various tooth whitening products","author":"Majeed","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/131022"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15040815"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12149"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24323\/akademik-gida.505522"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03299-y"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12800"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jcd.jcd_37_19"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1791762"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1742123"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15144874"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18502\/fid.v16i3.1589"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12344"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-025-06555-5"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37983\/ijdm.2024.6401"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-16865-x"}],"container-title":["Restorative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/upload\/pdf\/rde-2026-51-e16.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e16","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/upload\/pdf\/rde-2026-51-e16.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:02:44Z","timestamp":1788159764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e16"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e16","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-7666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-7666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}