{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:18:06Z","timestamp":1788160686244,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Sa\u0303o Paulo Research Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dalhousie University, Faculty of Dentistry"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rde.ac"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Restor Dent Endod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of high irradiance and short exposure time on the fracture toughness of bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs).Methods: Three RBCs were tested: Tetric PowerFill (TPF; Ivoclar Vivadent), Opus Bulk Fill APS (OBF; FGM Dental Group), and Filtek One Bulk Fill (FOB; Solventum). Sixty single-edge-notched disc specimens were prepared using a fracture toughness mold. Each group consisted of 20 samples, divided into two subgroups (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;\/i&gt; = 10). The RBCs were lightcured either for 3 seconds in high-irradiance mode (\u20183s cure\u2019) or for the manufacturer-recommended times (TPF, 10 seconds; OBF, 30 seconds; FOB, 20 seconds) in \u2018high power\u2019 mode using the Bluephase PowerCure (Ivoclar Vivadent). The peak spectral wavelength was measured using a spectrophotometer. Specimens were tested on a universal testing machine, and data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni test (\u03b1 = 0.05).Results: Radiant exposure values (J\/cm\u00b2) were 9.5 for the 3-second mode and 12.4, 24.8, and 37.1 for 10, 20, and 30 seconds (high power mode), respectively. FOB (4.22 and 3.79 MPa\u2219m&lt;sup&gt;0.5&lt;\/sup&gt; for 20 and 3 seconds) had the highest mean fracture toughness, while OBF showed the lowest (2.01 and 2.10 MPa\u2219m&lt;sup&gt;0.5&lt;\/sup&gt; for 30 and 3 seconds). TPF produced intermediate results (2.72 and 2.70 MPa\u2219m&lt;sup&gt;0.5&lt;\/sup&gt; for 10 and 3 seconds). Exposure time did not affect TPF and OBF, while the 3-second exposure significantly reduced the fracture toughness for FOB.Conclusions: The RBCs tested had different fracture toughness values regardless of exposure time. High irradiance and short exposure can reduce fracture toughness depending on the RBC tested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T06:28:52Z","timestamp":1776666532000},"page":"e23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5395\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of high irradiance and short exposure curing time on the fracture toughness of bulk-fill resin-based composite: an in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.5395","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5129-5599","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Beatriz Ometto","family":"Sahadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6120-1672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tainah Oliveira","family":"Rifane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0025-4268","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Carolina Bosso","family":"Andr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8227-6179","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vitaliano Gomes","family":"Ara\u00fajo-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6479-1436","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Richard Thomas Bengt","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7260-5231","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3349","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3290\/j.jad.a38141"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-023-00905-4"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2015.10.001"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Depth of cure of dual- and light-cure bulk-fill resin composites","author":"Elawsya","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-023-00873-2"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/16-024-l"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13280"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Using bulk-fill composite and high-intensity curing when light tip placement is compromised","author":"Langford","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2023.01.007"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12990"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/23-155-L"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2020.103448"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2025.04.001"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2014.02.023"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0061"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"676","volume-title":"","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2019.05.017"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma501550b"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2024.07.029"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14061381"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26650\/eor.20231302012"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2341\/22-021-l"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.04.046"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2024.01.003"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1982.tb00535.x"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0109-5641(97)80027-9"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2007.05.006"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-05267-6"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0109-5641(96)80062-5"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12463"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2023.104655"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05538-0"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13212"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2280800020975721"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04296-7"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0030"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26062803"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300-5712(03)00008-3"}],"container-title":["Restorative Dentistry &amp; Endodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/upload\/pdf\/rde-2026-51-e23.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/upload\/pdf\/rde-2026-51-e23.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:02:56Z","timestamp":1788159776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/rde.ac\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5395\/rde.2026.51.e23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-7666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-7666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}