{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:14:16Z","timestamp":1789528456124,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]],"date-time":"2012-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348531200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ISRN Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Periodontal disease leading to clinical findings such as increased periodontal probing depth involves a complex interaction between invading pathogenic microorganisms and the patient's immune system. Lymphotoxin alpha (LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>) is a potent multifunctional immune modulator that contributes toward susceptibility to immune regulation disorders, including periodontal disease. <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with polymorphisms of the LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene. <jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 126 subjects, 44 healthy subjects, and 82 subjects with CP, were evaluated for periodontal disease by measuring clinical attachment loss and separation. Samples of epithelial cells were obtained for DNA analysis by scraping of the buccal mucosa. The LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by endonuclease digestion with <jats:italic>Nco<\/jats:italic>I to analyze restriction fragment length polymorphisms. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene (+252A\/G) polymorphism was associated with CP. LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> allele frequencies were significantly different (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0019<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) between patients with CP and healthy individuals, with an odds ratio of 2.67 for patients with CP with the G allele. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. These findings suggest the LT-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene genotype is a risk indicator for susceptibility to chronic periodontal disease in the Brazilian population studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/617245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,26]],"date-time":"2012-09-26T07:57:09Z","timestamp":1348646229000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Lymphotoxin-Alpha Gene Polymorphism +252A\/G (rs909253, A\/G) Is Associated with Susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.5402","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Daniel Fernando Pereira","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Histology and Embryology, School of Biomedicine, Federal University of Piau\u00ed, 64049-550 Parna\u00edba, PI, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Ant\u00f4nio Dias","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Histology and Embryology, Federal University of Campina Grande, 58109-990 Patos, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Rocha","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Division of Histology, School of Dentistry at Piracicaba, University of Campinas, 13083-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui Barbosa","family":"de Brito J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Division of Histology, Institute S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, 13045-610 Campinas, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Any Carolina Cardoso Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Histology and Embryology, School of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Piau\u00ed, 64049-550 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