{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:28:19Z","timestamp":1771655299315,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]],"date-time":"2012-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328659200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ISRN Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The current therapy for glioblastoma multiforme involves total surgical resection followed by combination of radiation therapy and temozolomide. Unfortunately, the efficacy for such current therapy is limited, and newer approaches are sorely needed to treat this deadly disease. We have recently described the isolation of bacterial proteins and peptides with anticancer activity. In phase I human clinical trials, one such peptide, p28, derived from a bacterial protein azurin, showed partial and complete regression of tumors in several patients among 15 advanced-stage cancer patients with refractory metastatic tumors where the tumors were no longer responsive to current conventional drugs. An azurin-like protein called Laz derived from  <jats:italic>Neisseria meningitides<\/jats:italic> demonstrates efficient entry and high cytotoxicity towards glioblastoma cells. Laz differs from azurin in having an additional 39-amino-acid peptide called an H.8 epitope, which allows entry and high cytotoxicity towards glioblastoma cells. Since p28 has been shown to have very little toxicity and high anti-tumor activity in advanced-stage cancer patients, it will be worthwhile to explore the use of H.8-p28, H.8-azurin, and Laz in toxicity studies and glioblastoma therapy in preclinical and human clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/642345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]],"date-time":"2012-02-08T21:31:31Z","timestamp":1328736691000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Glioblastoma Multiforme: Novel Therapeutic Approaches"],"prefix":"10.5402","volume":"2012","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4037-1108","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arsenio M.","family":"Fialho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia (IBB) and Departamento de Bioengenharia, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Prabhakar","family":"Salunkhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amrita Therapeutics Ltd., S. G. Highway, Thaltej, Ahmedabad 380 054, India"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Manna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Nampally, Hyderabad 500 001, India"}]},{"given":"Sidharth","family":"Mahali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Nampally, Hyderabad 500 001, India"}]},{"given":"Ananda M.","family":"Chakrabarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 835 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL  60612, USA"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2006.10.013"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043384844"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70065-6"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22450"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.082974"},{"issue":"13","key":"6","first-page":"2799","volume":"57","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702170104"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-009-9869-5"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05492.x"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.260"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.07.028"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.11.014"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.5"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.18.9639"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2009.04.010"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2009.04.008"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2011.01.011"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00116.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI23829"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1173196"},{"issue":"2","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2009.12.004","volume":"91","year":"2010","journal-title":"Progress in Neurobiology"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2007.04.001"},{"key":"23","volume-title":"Promiscuous anticancer drugs from pathogenic bacteria: rational versus intelligent drug design","year":"2010"},{"issue":"8","key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.9.8.1439","volume":"9","year":"2000","journal-title":"Protein Science"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.3754"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D561","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq973","volume":"39","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.164.3.868","volume":"164","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"issue":"15","key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.4161\/cc.5.15.2991","volume":"5","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"issue":"1","key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(88)90330-7","volume":"73","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"4","key":"35","first-page":"406","volume":"4","year":"1987","journal-title":"Molecular Biology and Evolution"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2932"},{"key":"29","volume":"29","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi061661x"}],"container-title":["ISRN Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/642345.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/642345.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/archive\/2012\/642345.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T23:40:13Z","timestamp":1607557213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/isrn\/2012\/642345\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["642345","642345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5402\/2012\/642345","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-5513"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-5513","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]]}}}