{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:45:10Z","timestamp":1787031910241,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Clin Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with coronavirus disease 2019, there was paucity of data from low-income and middle-income countries on cardiovascular involvement and its longitudinal outcomes. We planned to estimate the pattern of cardiovascular involvement among children with MIS-C and its mid-term outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>To determine association between cardiovascular abnormalities and clinical and laboratory parameters. To study the time-line for resolution of various abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this prospective study done in a tertiary care hospital, 270 were recruited from June 2020 to January 2022. Baseline demographic data and clinical presentation were recorded. Laboratory parameters and echocardiography were done at admission. Follow-up was done at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were used for parametric and non-parametric data. Risk factors were identified by multivariate regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The 211 (78.2%) had cardiac involvement and 102 needed intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Cardiovascular abnormalities observed were shock 123 (45.6%), coronary dilatation 28 (10.4%), coronary aneurysm 77 (28.5%), left ventricular (LV) dysfunction 78 (29.3%), mitral regurgitation (MR) 77 (28.5%) and pericardial effusion 98 (36.3%). Coronary artery aneurysm\/dilatation during follow-up at 2 weeks and 1 year were 25.7% and 0.9% respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed breathlessness [odds ratio (OR) = 3.91, 95%CI: 1.25-12.21, P  = 0.019] and hi-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) support (OR = 8.5, 95%CI: 1.06-68.38, P  = 0.044) as predictors of cardiovascular involvement. Higher mean age (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02-1.32, P  = 0.026), breathlessness (OR = 4.99, 95%CI: 2.05-12.20, P  &lt; 0.001), gallop (OR = 4.45, 95%CI: 0.41-2.52, P  = 0.016), MR (OR = 3.61, 95%CI: 1.53-8.53, P  = 0.004) and invasive ventilation (OR = 4.01, 95%CI: 1.28-12.58, P  = 0.017) were predictive of LV dysfunction. Altered sensorium (OR = 4.96, 95%CI: 2.23-11.02, P  &lt; 0.001), headache (OR = 6.61, 95%CI: 1.46-29.92, P  = 0.014), HFNC (OR = 7.03, 95%CI: 2.04-24.29, P  = 0.002), non-rebreathing mask usage (OR = 21.13, 95%CI: 9.00-49.61, P  &lt; 0.001) and invasive ventilation (OR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.42-22.45, P  = 0.014) were risk factors for shock. Anemia was a risk factor for coronary involvement (OR = 3.09, 95%CI: 1.79- 5.34, P  &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Significant number of children with MIS-C had cardiovascular involvement contributing to higher ICU management. Although shock resolved quickly, resolution of ventricular function and coronary abnormalities were slower, and hence warrants a structured long-term follow-up protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v14.i1.100453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T19:15:39Z","timestamp":1734635739000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cardiovascular involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and midterm follow-up from a pediatric tertiary center in India"],"prefix":"10.5409","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Poovazhagi","family":"Varadarajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritchie Sharon","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seenivasan","family":"Subramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gomathy","family":"Srividya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elilarasi","family":"Raghunathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30651-4"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021680"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6932e2"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31103-X"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-022-2559-5"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmaa127"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15675"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-020-2026-0"},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"World Health Organization.   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