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Recent advances in research have identified novel biomarkers for GDM, offering promising alternatives for early diagnosis and prediction to prevent the associated adverse pediatric outcomes. Emerging biomarkers include microRNAs, cell-free DNA, exosomes, glycolytic intermediates, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6), metabolic biomarkers (Betatrophin, fetuin-A, etc. ), etc.  Emerging bidirectional communication pathway (gut microbiota gut-brain-axis) plays a crucial role in GDM pathophysiology, and could be a promising biomarker. Emerging technologies such as next-generation sequencing, metabolomics, and proteomics have enabled the discovery of novel biomarkers for GDM and related pediatric outcomes. 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