{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T15:28:28Z","timestamp":1787671708459,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"13","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Am Acad Orthop Surg","JAAOS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n Between 2008 and 2017, the American Pyrotechnics Association reported a 41% increase in revenue from firework sales, with 2017 showing $885 million US dollars in consumer sales. We sought to evaluate the epidemiology of firework-related upper extremity injuries during this 10-year period, hypothesizing that hand\/upper extremity injuries from fireworks were increasing in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Observational epidemiologic assessment of a weighted cohort of patients via the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from 2008 to 2017. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System provides a nationwide probability sample of injuries related to consumer products based on emergency department visits collected from a cohort of about 100 US hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 1,079 patients representing an estimated 41,195 firework-related upper extremity injuries presented to US emergency departments from 2008 to 2017. The number of injuries increased significantly from 2,576 in 2008 to 5,101 in 2017 (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.85, R = 0.92,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). A Spearman rank-order correlation determined that there was a strong, positive correlation between the increase in firework sales and the increase in injuries (r\n s<\/jats:sub>\n = 0.939,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01). The overwhelming majority of firework-related injuries were seen in males (77%) aged 11 to 29 years (48%). The hand and fingers accounted for 85.8% of injuries, with the thumb being the most commonly injured body part (51.3%). Burns were the most common injury across all body sites except the wrist, where fractures were most common.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Ten-year firework-related upper extremity injuries increased, corresponding to increased consumer sales across the same period. This study provides previously absent population-level data to provide a framework for discussion among policy makers and physicians alike in an attempt to mitigate the use of fireworks and their associated upper extremity injuries.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n Level III<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5435\/jaaos-d-20-00201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T23:29:00Z","timestamp":1605914940000},"page":"e667-e674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Increases in Firework-Related Upper Extremity Injuries Correspond to Increasing Firework Sales: An Analysis of 41,195 Injuries Across 10 Years"],"prefix":"10.5435","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Patrick J.","family":"Morrissey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan 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