{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:30:48Z","timestamp":1794324648740,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ScopeMed","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":206,"URL":"http:\/\/www.scopemed.org\/?page=license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Vet J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract\nBackground: Afghanistan is one of the biggest opium producing country in the world. There are more than a million drug addicts in the country, which most of them are living in public places. Stray dogs who lives with drug addicts are at highest risk of inhaling drugs \nAim: Aim of this study is to evaluate changes in physical and biochemical parameters of stray dogs inhaling drugs. \nMethods: Total of 12 dogs were assigned into two groups of healthy and infected (stray dogs who inhale drugs) dogs. Physical and biochemical parameters of both groups were evaluated.\nResults: Subjective evaluation showed clinical changes such as congestion of conjunctiva in infected group. Biochemical examination showed significantly higher level of glucose (P&lt;0.05) and total protein (P&lt;0.01) in infected group compared to healthy group. The ratio of other biochemical parameters was slightly decreased as compare to healthy dogs. \nConclusion: Drug inhalation can alter biochemical parameters like glucose and total protein in dogs. \nKeywords:  Addicts, Biochemical parameters, Opium, Physical parameters, Stray dogs<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5455\/ovj.2022.v12.i4.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T08:20:51Z","timestamp":1658823651000},"page":"426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of opium inhalation on physical and biochemical parameters of stray dogs in Kabul city, Afghanistan"],"prefix":"10.5455","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tawfeeq","family":"Monir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3407","container-title":["Open Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ejmanager.com\/mnstemps\/100\/100-1645350810.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:15:23Z","timestamp":1791483323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ejmanager.com\/mnstemps\/100\/100-1645350810.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/ovj.2022.v12.i4.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2226-4485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2226-4485","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}}}