{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:30:59Z","timestamp":1794324659655,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ScopeMed","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":206,"URL":"https:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com\/?sec=licenseinfo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Open Vet J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: \nMethotrexate is a chemotherapy drug that is used despite having several toxic effects. Spirulina is commonly consumed as a food supplement because of its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and other beneficial effects.\n \nAim: \nThe present study was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of MTX on male sex hormones and subsequently its effects on oxidant\/antioxidant status. The ameliorative effects of spirulina against such MTX-induced adverse effects were also evaluated. \n\nMethods: \nForty male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, spirulina, MTX, and MTX + spirulina groups. The levels of testosterone (free and total), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin hormone were evaluated as biochemical markers of MTX-induced infertility. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were assayed in liver tissue as oxidative stress markers. \n\nResults: \nThe results obtained from the current study showed that Spirulina improved the adverse effects of MTX on testosterone (free and total), LH, FSH, MDA, and TAC. \n\nConclusions: \nThe current study indicated that spirulina can be used to ameliorate MTX-induced adverse effects on male infertility and oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5455\/ovj.2025.v15.i6.25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T11:51:03Z","timestamp":1753530663000},"page":"2532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["&lt;b&gt;Ameliorative effect of spirulina on methotrexate-induced male fertility and oxidative stress in rats&lt;\/b&gt;"],"prefix":"10.5455","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Noran","family":"Salah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reda","family":"El-Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Elnabtity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wageh","family":"Darwish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3407","container-title":["Open Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bibliomed.org\/fulltextpdf.php?mno=267987","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:18:39Z","timestamp":1791483519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com\/?mno=267987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/ovj.2025.v15.i6.25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2226-4485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2226-4485","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}