{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:00:04Z","timestamp":1792155604210,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":323,"publisher":"ScopeMed","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":90,"URL":"https:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com\/?sec=licenseinfo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.5455\/ovj.2026.v16.i3.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T21:30:31Z","timestamp":1775079031000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["&lt;b&gt;Antioxidant chemistry and its role in mitigating oxidative stress in animals&lt;\/b&gt;"],"prefix":"10.5455","member":"3407","reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Abd-El Hamed, A.M.A, Abo-Gamil, Z.H., Elbarbary,"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"N.K., Ghania, A.A., Fotouh, A. and Darweish, M."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"2025. A comparative study of performance and"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"profitability measures for broilers raised in open and"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"closed systems: investigating the histopathological"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"effects of heat stress during summer in Egypt. Open"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Vet. J. 15(5), 2039\u20132048."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Abdelazim, A.M. and Abomughaid, M.M. 2024."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Oxidative stress: an overview of past research and"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"future insights. All. Life. 17(1), 2316092.Abu El Hammed, W., Soufy, H., El-Shemy, A., Fotouh,"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"A., Nasr, S. and Dessouky, M. 2022. Prophylactic"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"effect of oregano in chickens experimentally"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"O27 with special reference to hematology, serum"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"biochemistry, and histopathology of vital organs."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Egypt. J. Chem. 65(6), 269\u2013282."},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Adwas, A.A., Elsayed, A., Azab, A.E. and Quwaydir,"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"F.A. 2019. Oxidative stress and antioxidant"},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"mechanisms in human body. J. Appl. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Bioeng. 6(1), 43\u201347."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Ali, N.M., Hussein, M.K., Elbarbary, N.K., El Amgad,"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Z. and Noseer, E.A. 2025. Saccharomyces cerevisiae"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"ameliorative impact combined with sulfaclozine on"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"broiler chicken oxidative status. BMC. Vet. Res. 21,"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"507; doi:10.1186\/s12917-025-04955-x","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-04955-x"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Amira, A.M.H., Abo-Gamil, Z.H., Elbarbary, N.K.,"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Ghania, A.A., Fotouh, A. and Darweish, M. 2025. A"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"comparative study of performance and profitability"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"measures for broilers raised in open and closed"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"systems: Investigating the histopathological effects"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"of heat stress during summer in Egypt. Open Vet. J."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"15(5), 2039\u20132048."},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Aranda-Rivera, A.K., Cruz-Gregorio, A., Arancibia-"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez, Y .L., Hern\u00e1ndez-Cruz, E.Y . and"},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"Pedraza-Chaverri, J. 2022. RONS and oxidative"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"stress: an overview of basic concepts. Oxygen 2(4),"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Bhatti, J.S., Sehrawat, A., Mishra, J., Sidhu, I.S., Navik,"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"U., Khullar, N., Kumar, S., Bhatti, G.K. and Reddy,"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"P.H. 2022. Oxidative stress in the pathophysiology"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"of type 2 diabetes and related complications: current"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"therapeutic strategies and future perspectives. Free"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Radic. Biol. Med. 184, 114\u2013134."},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Can, I., Guraslan, A., Baser, O.F., Y\u0131ld\u0131z, G.N.,"},{"key":"ref44","unstructured":"Toplaoglu, I., Aksak Karamese, S. and Karamese,"},{"key":"ref45","unstructured":"M. 2025. The protective effects of a single dose"},{"key":"ref46","unstructured":"myricetin application on CLP-induced rat sepsis"},{"key":"ref47","unstructured":"model by analyzing some immune mechanisms."},{"key":"ref48","unstructured":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 47(3), 305\u2013"},{"key":"ref49","unstructured":"Cao, Q.Q., Lin, L.X., Xu, T.T., Lu, Y ., Zhang, C.D., Yue,"},{"key":"ref50","unstructured":"K., Huang, S.C., Dong, H.J. and Jian, F.C. 2021."},{"key":"ref51","unstructured":"Aflatoxin B1 alters meat quality associated with"},{"key":"ref52","unstructured":"oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota"},{"key":"ref53","unstructured":"in sheep. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 225, 112754."},{"key":"ref54","unstructured":"Celi, P. and Gabai, G. 2015. Oxidant\/antioxidant"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"balance in animal nutrition and health: the role of"},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"protein oxidation. Front. Vet. Sci. 2, 48."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatterjee, S. 2016. Oxidative stress, inflammation,","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803269-5.00002-4"},{"key":"ref58","unstructured":"and disease. In: Oxidative stress and biomaterials,"},{"key":"ref59","unstructured":"Thomas Dziubla, D. and Butterfield, A. Amsterdam,"},{"key":"ref60","unstructured":"The Netherlands: Elsevier, pp: 35\u201358; doi: 10.1016\/"},{"key":"ref61","unstructured":"B978-0-12-803269-5.00002-4"},{"key":"ref62","unstructured":"Colitti, M., Stefanon, B., Gabai, G., Gelain, M.E."},{"key":"ref63","unstructured":"and Bonsembiante, F. 2019. Oxidative stress and"},{"key":"ref64","unstructured":"nutraceuticals in the modulation of the immune"},{"key":"ref65","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Fotouh et al.  Open Veterinary Journal , (2026), V ol. 16(3): 1426-1437","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.2"},{"key":"ref67","unstructured":"1435function: current knowledge in animals of"},{"key":"ref68","unstructured":"veterinary interest. Antioxidants 8(1), 28."},{"key":"ref69","unstructured":"Das, R., Sailo, L., Verma, N., Bharti, P., Saikia, J.,"},{"key":"ref70","unstructured":"Imtiwati. and Kumar, R. 2016. Impact of heat stress"},{"key":"ref71","unstructured":"on health and performance of dairy animals: a"},{"key":"ref72","unstructured":"review. Vet. World. 9(3), 260."},{"key":"ref73","unstructured":"Demirci-\u00c7eki\u00e7, S., \u00d6zkan, G., Avan, A.N., Uzunboy,"},{"key":"ref74","unstructured":"S., \u00c7apano\u011flu, E. and Apak, R. 2022. Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref75","unstructured":"of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. J."},{"key":"ref76","unstructured":"Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 209, 114477."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Denu, R.A. and Hematti, P. 2016. Effects of oxidative","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2989076"},{"key":"ref78","unstructured":"stress on mesenchymal stem cell biology. Oxid."},{"key":"ref79","unstructured":"Med. Cell. Longev. 2016, 2989076."},{"key":"ref80","unstructured":"Elbarbary, N., Bekhit, M.M., Garh, A., Fotouh, A.,"},{"key":"ref81","unstructured":"Dandrawy, M.K., Darwish, W.S., Abdelmotilib,"},{"key":"ref82","unstructured":"N.M., Ali, M.A., Salem, M.M. and Abdelhaseib,"},{"key":"ref83","unstructured":"M. 2025. Meat sarcocystosis: a critical meat-borne"},{"key":"ref84","unstructured":"parasite impacting carcasses in abattoirs. Ital. J."},{"key":"ref85","unstructured":"Food Sci. 37(2), 361\u2013373."},{"key":"ref86","unstructured":"Elbarbary, N.K., Gareh, A., Abdelhaseib, M., Fotouh,"},{"key":"ref87","unstructured":"A., Abdelmotilib, N.M., Ragab, M.F. and Dandrawy,"},{"key":"ref88","unstructured":"M.K. 2025. Cysticercus bovis in slaughtered cattle"},{"key":"ref89","unstructured":"in Upper Egypt: implications for food safety. BMC."},{"key":"ref90","unstructured":"Vet. Res. 21(1), 1\u20133."},{"key":"ref91","unstructured":"Elmeligy, A., Ghania, A. and Fotouh, A. 2024."},{"key":"ref92","unstructured":"Pathological and immunohistochemical studies of"},{"key":"ref93","unstructured":"lymphoid leukosis in pigeons in Egypt. Open Vet."},{"key":"ref94","unstructured":"J. 14(8), 1952."},{"key":"ref95","unstructured":"Fotouh, A., Elbarbary, N.K., Momenah, M.A.,"},{"key":"ref96","unstructured":"Khormi, M.A., Mohamed, W.H., Sherkawy, H.S.,"},{"key":"ref97","unstructured":"Ahmed, A.E., Diab, M. and Elshafae, S. 2025a."},{"key":"ref98","unstructured":"Hepatoprotective effects of mesenchymal stem cells"},{"key":"ref99","unstructured":"in CCl\u2084-induced liver toxicity in rats: restoration of"},{"key":"ref100","unstructured":"liver enzymes, antioxidants, and histopathological"},{"key":"ref101","unstructured":"evaluation. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1(aop), 1\u201310."},{"key":"ref102","unstructured":"Fotouh, A., Elbarbary, N.K., Moussa, M.A., Diab,"},{"key":"ref103","unstructured":"M.S. and Elshafae, S.M. 2025b. Histopathological"},{"key":"ref104","unstructured":"effects of azithromycin on broilers: immune system"},{"key":"ref105","unstructured":"alterations and apoptotic changes. Br. Poultry Sci."},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17, 1\u20137; doi:10.1080\/00071668.2025.2559391","DOI":"10.1080\/00071668.2025.2559391"},{"key":"ref107","unstructured":"Fotouh, A., Elsayed, A.K., Zanaty, A.M., Elshafae,"},{"key":"ref108","unstructured":"S. and Shosha, E.A.E. 2026. Illuminating the"},{"key":"ref109","unstructured":"pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular"},{"key":"ref110","unstructured":"investigations of myelocytomatosis in chicken"},{"key":"ref111","unstructured":"embryos. Infect. Agents Cancer 21(1), 21."},{"key":"ref112","unstructured":"Galli, F., Piroddi, M., Annetti, C., Aisa, C., Floridi, E."},{"key":"ref113","unstructured":"and Floridi, A. 2005. Oxidative stress and reactive"},{"key":"ref114","unstructured":"oxygen species. Contrib. Nephrol. 149, 240\u2013260."},{"key":"ref115","unstructured":"Ganesh Yerra, V ., Negi, G., Sharma, S.S. and Kumar,"},{"key":"ref116","unstructured":"A. 2013. Potential therapeutic effects of the"},{"key":"ref117","unstructured":"simultaneous targeting of the Nrf2 and NF-\u03baB"},{"key":"ref118","unstructured":"pathways in diabetic neuropathy. Redox. Biol. 1(1),"},{"key":"ref119","unstructured":"Goyal, S., Thirumal, D., Singh, S., Kumar, D., Singh,"},{"key":"ref120","unstructured":"I., Kumar, G. and Sindhu, R.K., 2025. Basics of"},{"key":"ref121","unstructured":"antioxidants and their importance. In Antioxidants:"},{"key":"ref122","unstructured":"Nature's defense against disease. Wiley, pp: 1\u201320.Gujarathi, N.A., Keservani, R.K., Kesharwani, R.K.,"},{"key":"ref123","unstructured":"Rane, B.R. and Goyal, Y .S. 2025. Antioxidants as"},{"key":"ref124","unstructured":"nutraceuticals. New York. NY: Apple Academic"},{"key":"ref125","unstructured":"Press. Taylor & Francis."},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulcin, I. 2025. Antioxidants: a comprehensive review.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-025-03997-2"},{"key":"ref127","unstructured":"Arch. Toxicol. 99(5), 1893\u20131997."},{"key":"ref128","unstructured":"Ighodaro, O.M. 2018. Molecular pathways associated"},{"key":"ref129","unstructured":"with oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Biomed."},{"key":"ref130","unstructured":"Pharmacother. 108, 656\u2013662."},{"key":"ref131","unstructured":"Khairy, N., M. Al-qaaneh, A., M. Bekhit, M., Fotouh,"},{"key":"ref132","unstructured":"A., S. Madkour, B., M.l. Malak, N., Hadad, G.,"},{"key":"ref133","unstructured":"M. Maher, Z., M. Salem, M. and Abdelhaseib, M."},{"key":"ref134","unstructured":"2024. Advancing meat safety: diverse approaches"},{"key":"ref135","unstructured":"for bovine tuberculosis detection and control in"},{"key":"ref136","unstructured":"abattoirs. Ital. J. Food. Sci. 36(4), 240."},{"key":"ref137","unstructured":"Khan, I., Hameed, H., Younas, K., Zaman, M., Faheem,"},{"key":"ref138","unstructured":"S., Majeed, I. and Alvi, M.N. 2025. Unlocking the"},{"key":"ref139","unstructured":"power of antioxidant nanoparticles: insights into"},{"key":"ref140","unstructured":"classification, formulation, characterization, and"},{"key":"ref141","unstructured":"biomedical applications. BioNanoScience 15(1),"},{"key":"ref142","unstructured":"Koltover, V .K. 2018. Antioxidant biomedicine: from"},{"key":"ref143","unstructured":"chemistry of free-radicals to reliability of biological"},{"key":"ref144","unstructured":"systems. Res. Med. Eng. Sci. 3(3), 565."},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, J., Cho, Y .S., Jung, H. and Choi, I. 2018.","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4081890"},{"key":"ref146","unstructured":"Pharmacological regulation of oxidative stress"},{"key":"ref147","unstructured":"in stem cells. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2018,"},{"key":"ref148","unstructured":"Li, Y ., Liang, J., Jiang, C., Cui, J., Hong, L., Hao,"},{"key":"ref149","unstructured":"Z., Tang, Y ., Liu, Y ., Cui, X. and Teng, X. 2024."},{"key":"ref150","unstructured":"Selenium alleviated lead-caused neurotoxicity"},{"key":"ref151","unstructured":"in chickens: sPS2\u2013GPx1\u2013GSH\u2013IL-2\/IL-17\u2013NO"},{"key":"ref152","unstructured":"pathway, selenoprotein suppression, oxidative"},{"key":"ref153","unstructured":"stress, and inflammatory injury. Antioxidants 13(3),"},{"key":"ref154","unstructured":"M. Ahmed, O., R. Galaly, S., Raslan, M. and M."},{"key":"ref155","unstructured":"A. Mostafa, M.A. 2020. Thyme oil and thymol"},{"key":"ref156","unstructured":"abrogate doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity"},{"key":"ref157","unstructured":"and cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats via repression of"},{"key":"ref158","unstructured":"oxidative stress and enhancement of antioxidant"},{"key":"ref159","unstructured":"defense mechanisms. Biocell 44(1), 41."},{"key":"ref160","unstructured":"Mahmoud, M.A.A., Abdel-Kareem, A.H., Abdel-"},{"key":"ref161","unstructured":"Hafez, M.S., Fotouh, A., Zahran, I.S. and Abdel-"},{"key":"ref162","unstructured":"Rahman, H.A.R. 2025. Nanoparticles amelioration"},{"key":"ref163","unstructured":"effects on heat stress in broilers. Assiut Vet. Med. J."},{"key":"ref164","unstructured":"71(185), 314\u2013343."},{"key":"ref165","unstructured":"Mahmoud, M.A.M., Megahed, G., Yousef, M.S., Ali,"},{"key":"ref166","unstructured":"F.A.Z., Zaki, R.S. and Abdelhafeez, H.H. 2020."},{"key":"ref167","unstructured":"Salmonella typhimurium\u2013triggered unilateral"},{"key":"ref168","unstructured":"epididymo-orchitis and splenomegaly in a Holstein"},{"key":"ref169","unstructured":"bull in Assiut, Egypt: a case report. Pathogens 9(4),"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maiese, K. 2015. New insights for oxidative stress and","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/875961"},{"key":"ref171","unstructured":"diabetes mellitus. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2015,"},{"key":"ref172","unstructured":"Mao, M. and Huang, M. 2017. Myricetin attenuates"},{"key":"ref173","unstructured":"lung inflammation and provides protection against"},{"key":"ref174","unstructured":"lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury"},{"key":"ref175","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Fotouh et al.  Open Veterinary Journal , (2026), V ol. 16(3): 1426-1437","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.2"},{"key":"ref177","unstructured":"1436by inhibition of NF-\u03baB pathway in rats. Trop. J."},{"key":"ref178","unstructured":"Pharm. Res. 16(11), 2585\u20132593."},{"key":"ref179","unstructured":"Migdal, C. and Serres, M. 2011. Reactive oxygen"},{"key":"ref180","unstructured":"species and oxidative stress. Med. Sci. 27(4), 405\u2013"},{"key":"ref181","unstructured":"Morsy, M.K., Al-Dalain, S.Y ., Haddad, M.A., Diab,"},{"key":"ref182","unstructured":"M., Abd-Elaaty, E.M., Abdeen, A., Ibrahim, S.F.,"},{"key":"ref183","unstructured":"Shukry, M., Banatean-Dunea, I., Fericean, L. and"},{"key":"ref184","unstructured":"Ghamry, H.I. 2023. Curcumin nanoparticles as a"},{"key":"ref185","unstructured":"natural antioxidant and antimicrobial preservative"},{"key":"ref186","unstructured":"against foodborne pathogens in processed chicken"},{"key":"ref187","unstructured":"fingers. Front. Sustain. Food. Syst. 7, 1267075."},{"key":"ref188","unstructured":"Mylost\u0443va, D., Prudnikov, V ., Kolisnyk, O., Lykhach,"},{"key":"ref189","unstructured":"A., Begma, N., \u041aalinichenko, O., Khmeleva, O.,"},{"key":"ref190","unstructured":"Sanzhara, R., Izhboldina, O. and Mylostyvyi, R."},{"key":"ref191","unstructured":"2021. Biochemical changes during heat stress"},{"key":"ref192","unstructured":"in productive animals with an emphasis on the"},{"key":"ref193","unstructured":"antioxidant defense system. J. Anim. Behav."},{"key":"ref194","unstructured":"Biometeorol. 10(1), e2209."},{"key":"ref195","unstructured":"Newsholme, P., Cruzat, V .F., Keane, K.N., Carlessi,"},{"key":"ref196","unstructured":"R. and De Bittencourt, P.I.H. 2016. Molecular"},{"key":"ref197","unstructured":"mechanisms of ROS production and oxidative"},{"key":"ref198","unstructured":"stress in diabetes. Biochem. J. 473(24), 4527\u20134550."},{"key":"ref199","unstructured":"Ozougwu, J.C. 2016. The role of reactive oxygen"},{"key":"ref200","unstructured":"species and antioxidants in oxidative stress. Int. J."},{"key":"ref201","unstructured":"Res. 1(8), 1\u20138."},{"key":"ref202","unstructured":"Ponnampalam, E.N., Kiani, A., Santhiravel, S.,"},{"key":"ref203","unstructured":"Holman, B.W., Lauridsen, C. and Dunshea, F.R."},{"key":"ref204","unstructured":"2022. The importance of dietary antioxidants on"},{"key":"ref205","unstructured":"oxidative stress, meat and milk production, and"},{"key":"ref206","unstructured":"their preservative aspects in farm animals. Animals"},{"key":"ref207","unstructured":"12(23), 3279."},{"key":"ref208","unstructured":"Puppel, K., Kapusta, A. and Kuczy\u0144ska, B. 2015."},{"key":"ref209","unstructured":"The etiology of oxidative stress in various animal"},{"key":"ref210","unstructured":"species: a review. J. Sci. Food. Agric. 95(11), 2179\u2013"},{"key":"ref211","unstructured":"Qian, H., Shan, Y ., Gong, R., Lin, D., Zhang, M., Wang,"},{"key":"ref212","unstructured":"C. and Wang, L. 2023. Mechanism of action and"},{"key":"ref213","unstructured":"therapeutic effects of oxidative stress and stem"},{"key":"ref214","unstructured":"cell-based materials in skin aging. Front. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref215","unstructured":"Biotechnol. 10, 1082403."},{"key":"ref216","unstructured":"Rezatabar, S., Karimian, A., Rameshknia, V ., Parsian,"},{"key":"ref217","unstructured":"H., Majidinia, M., Kopi, T.A., Bishayee, A.,"},{"key":"ref218","unstructured":"Sadeghinia, A., Yousefi, M., Monirialamdari,"},{"key":"ref219","unstructured":"M. and Yousefi, B. 2019. RAS\/MAPK signaling"},{"key":"ref220","unstructured":"functions in oxidative stress, DNA damage response"},{"key":"ref221","unstructured":"and cancer progression. J. Cell. Physiol. 234(9),"},{"key":"ref222","unstructured":"14951\u201314965."},{"key":"ref223","unstructured":"Roba, B.B. and Umar, A.B. 2025. Integrated"},{"key":"ref224","unstructured":"computational analysis of antioxidant compounds:"},{"key":"ref225","unstructured":"targeting the Keap1\u2013Nrf2 pathway for enhanced"},{"key":"ref226","unstructured":"therapeutic potential. Prog. Chem. Biochem. Res."},{"key":"ref227","unstructured":"8(3), 278\u2013293."},{"key":"ref228","unstructured":"Sadek, A.M., Abdel-Raheem, M.H., AM, A.E., Ibrahim,"},{"key":"ref229","unstructured":"M.A., Ibrahim, A., Fotouh, A. and Elzoghby, R."},{"key":"ref230","unstructured":"2024. Ameliorative effect of pioglitazone and"},{"key":"ref231","unstructured":"rosuvastatin on HFD\/STZ-induced hepatic injury"},{"key":"ref232","unstructured":"in rats. Assiut Vet. Med. J. 70(181), 118\u2013132.Sahu, B.D., Kumar, J.M. and Sistla, R. 2015. Baicalein"},{"key":"ref233","unstructured":"prevents cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury"},{"key":"ref234","unstructured":"by up-regulating antioxidant defenses and down-"},{"key":"ref235","unstructured":"regulating MAPKs and NF-\u03baB pathways. PLos"},{"key":"ref236","unstructured":"One 10(7), 134139."},{"key":"ref237","unstructured":"Salah, A.S., El-Tarabany, M.S., Mostafa, M., Zaki,"},{"key":"ref238","unstructured":"R.S., Azzam, M.M., El Euony, O.I., Alagawany,"},{"key":"ref239","unstructured":"M., Lestingi, A., Elolimy, A.A., Madkour, M."},{"key":"ref240","unstructured":"and Fotouh, A. 2025. Impact of dietary spirulina"},{"key":"ref241","unstructured":"on performance, antioxidant status, carcass traits"},{"key":"ref242","unstructured":"and pathological alteration in broilers exposed to"},{"key":"ref243","unstructured":"ochratoxin A stress. Front. Vet. Sci. 11, 1532353."},{"key":"ref244","unstructured":"Salami, S.A., Guinguina, A., Agboola, J.O., Omede,"},{"key":"ref245","unstructured":"A.A., Agbonlahor, E.M. and Tayyab, U. 2016. In"},{"key":"ref246","unstructured":"vivo and postmortem effects of feed antioxidants"},{"key":"ref247","unstructured":"in livestock: implications for authorization of"},{"key":"ref248","unstructured":"antioxidant feed additives. Animal 10(8), 1375\u2013"},{"key":"ref249","unstructured":"Schieber, M. and Chandel, N.S. 2014. ROS function"},{"key":"ref250","unstructured":"in redox signaling and oxidative stress. Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref251","unstructured":"24(10), R453\u2013R462."},{"key":"ref252","unstructured":"Scial\u00f2, F., Sriram, A., Fern\u00e1ndez-Ayala, D., Gubina, N.,"},{"key":"ref253","unstructured":"L\u00f5hmus, M., Nelson, G., Logan, A., Cooper, H.M.,"},{"key":"ref254","unstructured":"Navas, P., Enr\u00edquez, J.A., Murphy, M.P. and Sanz,"},{"key":"ref255","unstructured":"A. 2016. Mitochondrial ROS produced via reverse"},{"key":"ref256","unstructured":"electron transport extend animal lifespan. Cell"},{"key":"ref257","unstructured":"Metab. 23(4), 725\u2013734."},{"key":"ref258","unstructured":"Sejian, V ., Bhatta, R., Gaughan, J.B., Dunshea, F.R. and"},{"key":"ref259","unstructured":"Lacetera, N. 2018. Adaptation of animals to heat"},{"key":"ref260","unstructured":"stress. Animal 12(S2), S431\u2013S444."},{"key":"ref261","unstructured":"Shoker, F.E., Elsayed, G.R., Abdelmagid, A.D., Huseiny,"},{"key":"ref262","unstructured":"H.B. and Fotouh, A. 2025. Amelioration of diabetic"},{"key":"ref263","unstructured":"nephropathy using ellagic acid-encapsulated zinc"},{"key":"ref264","unstructured":"nanoparticles through modulation of oxidative"},{"key":"ref265","unstructured":"stress and inflammatory signaling in rats. Egypt. J."},{"key":"ref266","unstructured":"Vet. Sci. 57(6), 269\u2013284."},{"key":"ref267","unstructured":"Sies, H., Berndt, C. and Jones, D.P. 2017. Oxidative"},{"key":"ref268","unstructured":"stress. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 86, 715\u2013748."},{"key":"ref269","unstructured":"Singh, N., Sherin, G.R. and Mugesh, G. 2023."},{"key":"ref270","unstructured":"Antioxidant and prooxidant nanozymes: from"},{"key":"ref271","unstructured":"cellular redox regulation to next-generation"},{"key":"ref272","unstructured":"therapeutics. Angew. Chem. 135(33), e202301232."},{"key":"ref273","unstructured":"Suresh, R., Mal, S., Panchal, S. and Karuppasamy, R."},{"key":"ref274","unstructured":"2026. Mechanisms of antioxidant and prooxidant"},{"key":"ref275","unstructured":"interactions: redox dynamics in plants. In Recent"},{"key":"ref276","unstructured":"advances in oxidative stress associated chronic"},{"key":"ref277","unstructured":"diseases. Eds., Kasinathan, K., Muthukumaran, A."},{"key":"ref278","unstructured":"Singapore, Springer, 1, pp: 177\u201398."},{"key":"ref279","unstructured":"Tariq, S., Mia, N., Jan, M. and Hashem, M. 2025."},{"key":"ref280","unstructured":"Effects of cold storage on meat quality, oxidative"},{"key":"ref281","unstructured":"stability, and organic antioxidants: a comprehensive"},{"key":"ref282","unstructured":"overview. Meat Res. 5(4), 1\u20137."},{"key":"ref283","unstructured":"Tumilaar, S.G., Hardianto, A., Dohi, H. and Kurnia,"},{"key":"ref284","unstructured":"D. 2024. A comprehensive review of free radicals,"},{"key":"ref285","unstructured":"oxidative stress, and antioxidants. J. Chem. 2024,"},{"key":"ref286","unstructured":"Ugwu, J.C., Ubah, C.B., Lawrence, P., Edim, M.M.,"},{"key":"ref287","unstructured":"N, M.E., Enyike, J.O. and Edet, H.O. 2025."},{"key":"ref288","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com"},{"key":"ref289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Fotouh et al.  Open Veterinary Journal , (2026), V ol. 16(3): 1426-1437","DOI":"10.5455\/OVJ.2026.v16.i3.2"},{"key":"ref290","unstructured":"1437Investigating the antioxidant potential and"},{"key":"ref291","unstructured":"mechanism of a hydrazide bioactive component"},{"key":"ref292","unstructured":"of garlic: insights from density functional theory"},{"key":"ref293","unstructured":"calculations, drug-likeness and molecular docking"},{"key":"ref294","unstructured":"studies. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 197(2), 847\u2013"},{"key":"ref295","unstructured":"Wang, J., Si, W., Du, Z., Zhang, J. and Xue, M. 2022."},{"key":"ref296","unstructured":"Antioxidants in animal feed. Antioxidants 11(9),"},{"key":"ref297","unstructured":"Yang, H.Y . and Lee, T.H. 2015. Antioxidant enzymes"},{"key":"ref298","unstructured":"as redox-based biomarkers: a brief review. BMB."},{"key":"ref299","unstructured":"Rep. 48(4), 200."},{"key":"ref300","unstructured":"Yaribeygi, H., Sathyapalan, T., Atkin, S.L. and"},{"key":"ref301","unstructured":"Sahebkar, A. 2020. Molecular mechanisms linking"},{"key":"ref302","unstructured":"oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus. Oxid. Med."},{"key":"ref303","unstructured":"Cell. Longev. 2020, 8609213."},{"key":"ref304","unstructured":"Ye, H., Wang, Y ., Zhu, H., Huang, C., Wang, W., Jia,"},{"key":"ref305","unstructured":"Y ., Hu, Z., Zhou, H., Liang, S., Ling, C., Zhang, C.,"},{"key":"ref306","unstructured":"Dong, Z. and Zuo, J. 2025. Effects of short-term feeding of resveratrol on growth performance, meat"},{"key":"ref307","unstructured":"quality, antioxidant capacity, serum biochemical"},{"key":"ref308","unstructured":"parameters and intestinal health in yellow-feathered"},{"key":"ref309","unstructured":"broilers under dexamethasone-induced oxidative"},{"key":"ref310","unstructured":"stress. Antioxidants 14(12), 1459."},{"key":"ref311","unstructured":"Yoshida, Y ., Umeno, A. and Shichiri, M. 2013. Lipid"},{"key":"ref312","unstructured":"peroxidation biomarkers for evaluating oxidative"},{"key":"ref313","unstructured":"stress and assessing antioxidant capacity in vivo. J."},{"key":"ref314","unstructured":"clinical bioch. Nutr. 52(1), 9\u201316."},{"key":"ref315","unstructured":"Zaki, R.S., Elbarbary, N.K., Mahmoud, M.A., Bekhit,"},{"key":"ref316","unstructured":"M.M., Salem, M.M., Darweish, M. and Fotouh,"},{"key":"ref317","unstructured":"A. 2025. Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli"},{"key":"ref318","unstructured":"and ostriches: pathological and microbiological"},{"key":"ref319","unstructured":"investigation. Am. J. Vet. Res. 86(2), 1\u201310."},{"key":"ref320","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Wang, X., Vikash, V ., Ye, Q., Wu, D., Liu,"},{"key":"ref321","unstructured":"Y . and Dong, W. 2016. ROS and ROS-mediated"},{"key":"ref322","unstructured":"cellular signaling. Oxidative. Med. Cellular."},{"key":"ref323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Longevity. 2016, 4350965.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4018417"}],"container-title":["Open Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.bibliomed.org\/fulltextpdf.php?mno=303705","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:26:33Z","timestamp":1792106793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.openveterinaryjournal.com\/?mno=303705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":323,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5455\/ovj.2026.v16.i3.2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2226-4485"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2226-4485","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}