{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:47:03Z","timestamp":1787032023603,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Transplant"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Whole-eye transplantation emerges as a frontier in ophthalmology, promising a transformative approach to irreversible blindness. Despite advancements, formidable challenges persist. Preservation of donor eye viability post-enucleation necessitates meticulous surgical techniques to optimize retinal integrity and ganglion cell survival. Overcoming the inhibitory milieu of the central nervous system for successful optic nerve regeneration remains elusive, prompting the exploration of neurotrophic support and immunomodulatory interventions. Immunological tolerance, paramount for graft acceptance, confronts the distinctive immunogenicity of ocular tissues, driving research into targeted immunosuppression strategies. Ethical and legal considerations underscore the necessity for stringent standards and ethical frameworks. Interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing research endeavors are imperative to navigate these complexities. Biomaterials, stem cell therapies, and precision immunomodulation represent promising avenues in this pursuit. Ultimately, the aim of this review is to critically assess the current landscape of whole-eye transplantation, elucidating the challenges and advancements while delineating future directions for research and clinical practice. Through concerted efforts, whole-eye transplantation stands to revolutionize ophthalmic care, offering hope for restored vision and enhanced quality of life for those afflicted with blindness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v14.i2.95009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T06:37:04Z","timestamp":1718260624000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Whole-eye transplantation: Current challenges and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.5500","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Scarabosio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Luigi","family":"Surico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vlad","family":"Tereshenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan Bir","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Salati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo","family":"Spadea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenda","family":"Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Camillo","family":"Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Gagliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M","family":"Winograd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Zeppieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.05.025"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(92)90111-O"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.113444"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2023.2296407"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.12.015"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2006.07.002"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13094"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/60016"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.041"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53355-5.00001-4"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldu002"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60040527"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000263120.68768.f8"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2314733"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00119"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1711-16.2016"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1679197"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08830185.2012.740535"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113962"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000099236"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1328"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000713"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002985"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000005409"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.272"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006322"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2016.12.007"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2019.03.002"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12764"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000490"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.05.042"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2022.109534"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.155267"},{"key":"B34","unstructured":"Stone LS, Cole CH. Grafted Eyes of Young and Old Adult Salamanders (Amblystoma Punctatum) Showing Return of Vision. Yale J Biol Med 1943; 15: 735-754.2"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1946.00890200140006"},{"key":"B36","unstructured":"Stone LS. Experiments on return of vision in transplanted eyes of salamanders. Anat Rec 1948; 101: 697"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401560208"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401000205"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00578759"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(00)00029-X"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-5402(81)90089-9"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004946"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.382"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1224"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.153.5.1058"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8670280"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1102544"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109871"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204667"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600251"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5372090"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200308000-00013"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107999099313811"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00171669"},{"key":"B55","unstructured":"Zhu SN, Dana MR. Expression of cell adhesion molecules on limbal and neovascular endothelium in corneal inflammatory neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999; 40: 1427-1434"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.04.002"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2020.104068"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.621007"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v16.i2.89"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2016.0180"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/RNN-190960"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000953"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.152"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270898"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/400_2009_19"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2004.12.009"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.107686"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1991.0025"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901890106"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(00)00009-4"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb18293.x"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.860070"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2012.06.005"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066332"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.08.003"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14020169"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3129\/i10-077"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212529"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.369121"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2022.2103153"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1319"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20194685"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187426"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.04.037"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2021.04.014"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90804-2"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902020112"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903010108"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903070302"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17623"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100617-062508"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020602"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.06.003"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407178-0.00002-8"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal5060"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.13130"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199812270-00003"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2021.00927"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e318241b920"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.13011"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajt.2023.01.016"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2011.08.021"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-15-00136"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2021.1966033"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(98)00022-6"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2022.2152707"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/JCE2016271064"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2220-3230\/full\/v14\/i2\/95009.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2220-3230\/full\/v14\/i2\/95009.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T06:38:18Z","timestamp":1718260698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2220-3230\/full\/v14\/i2\/95009.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"alternative-id":["95009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5500\/wjt.v14.i2.95009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-3230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-3230","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]]}}}