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It aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic therapy. Given its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity, CEUS is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis, improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory lesions. This review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUS in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v13.i3.98300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T02:12:47Z","timestamp":1726711967000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pyelonephritis: A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.5527","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Boccatonda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Stupia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/519268"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1801800"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2020020"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-0377"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2020.01130"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-006-0366-3"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2024.03.035"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2022.09.017"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16347"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11212899"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.281075171"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.07280.x"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1281676"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-018-0347-9"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-021-02390-2"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-2827"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-003-1305-z"},{"key":"B19","unstructured":"Mohammadjafari H, Aalaee A, Salehifar E, Shiri A, Khademloo M, Shahmohammadi S. 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