{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:11:44Z","timestamp":1785449504172,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-arm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ann Rehabil Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To compare the outcome of rectal and surface electrode stimulation, when performed concomitantly with routine anal sphincter (AS) exercises and bio-feedback training, in children who have received corrective surgery to address Hirschsprung disease (HD).Methods: Sixty-seven patients (pediatric) who underwent corrective surgery due to HD were randomly assigned to Group A (rectal electrode, n=34) or Group B (surface electrode, n=33). The two groups were given the same protocols of AS and bio-feedback training. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Bowel Function Score (BFS), Pediatric Incontinence and Constipation Scoring System Scale (PICSS) were measured at baseline, post intervention and follow-up.Results: There were significant improvements in both groups over time across all outcomes. PedsQL increased (d=0.42\u20131.28, \u03b7\u00b2p up to 0.37), BFS improved notably (d=1.21, \u03b7\u00b2p=0.35), and PICSS decreased (d up to 1.15, \u03b7\u00b2p=0.33). The greatest gains occurred from baseline to follow-up, with smaller but significant changes from post-treatment to follow-up, indicating sustained effects.Conclusion: Electrical stimulation with rectal electrodes, combined with AS exercises and bio-feedback training, is a major way of improving bowel functioning, continence and quality of life in Hirschsprung child. Such results highlight the promise of multimodal rehabilitation and should be supported by additional multicenter studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.250171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:56:20Z","timestamp":1776401780000},"page":"129-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Electrode Placement and Continence Outcomes in Pediatric Hirschsprung\u2019s Disease: Rectal Versus Surface Stimulation After Trans-Anal Pull-Through 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