{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T22:30:45Z","timestamp":1793485845763,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Japan Atherosclerosis Society","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAT","J Atheroscler Thromb"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.5551\/jat.66164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T22:08:17Z","timestamp":1782425297000},"page":"1382-1398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Multimodal Intracoronary Imaging-Derived Plaque Morphology with the Pathophysiological Disease Patterns Assessed by the Quantitative Flow Ratio-Pullback Pressure Gradient"],"prefix":"10.5551","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Eisuke","family":"Usui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Kanaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Hada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuhiro","family":"Nagamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kodai","family":"Sayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takumi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hikaru","family":"Shimosato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Mineo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riko","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaisei","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taishi","family":"Yonetsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Science Tokyo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Sasano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute of Science Tokyo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsunekazu","family":"Kakuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tsuchiura Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3489","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1) Virmani R, Kolodgie FD, Burke AP, Farb A, Schwartz SM. Lessons From Sudden Coronary Death. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2000; 20: 1262-1275","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.5.1262"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Yahagi K, Kolodgie FD, Otsuka F, Finn A V., Davis HR, Joner M, Virmani R. Pathophysiology of native coronary, vein graft, and in-stent atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2016; 13: 79-98","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.164"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Prati F, Regar E, Mintz GS, Arbustini E, Di Mario C, Jang IK, Akasaka T, Costa M, Guagliumi G, Grube E, Ozaki Y, Pinto F, Serruys PWJ. Expert review document on methodology, terminology, and clinical applications of optical coherence tomography: Physical principles, methodology of image acquisition, and clinical application for assessment of coronary arteries and atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J, 2010; 31: 401-415","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp433"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Tearney GJ, Regar E, Akasaka T, Adriaenssens T, Barlis P, Bezerra HG, Bouma B, Bruining N, Cho JM, Chowdhary S, Costa MA, De Silva R, Dijkstra J, Di Mario C, Dudeck D, Falk E, Feldman MD, Fitzgerald P, Garcia H, Gonzalo N, Granada JF, Guagliumi G, Holm NR, Honda Y, Ikeno F, Kawasaki M, Kochman J, Koltowski L, Kubo T, Kume T, Kyono H, Lam CCS, Lamouche G, Lee DP, Leon MB, Maehara A, Manfrini O, Mintz GS, Mizuno K, Morel MA, Nadkarni S, Okura H, Otake H, Pietrasik A, Prati F, Rber L, Radu MD, Rieber J, Riga M, Rollins A, Rosenberg M, Sirbu V, Serruys PWJC, Shimada K, Shinke T, Shite J, Siegel E, Sonada S, Suter M, Takarada S, Tanaka A, Terashima M, Troels T, Uemura S, Ughi GJ, Van Beusekom HMM, Van Der Steen AFW, Van Es GA, Van Soest G, Virmani R, Waxman S, Weissman NJ, Weisz G. Consensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies: A report from the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Standardization and Validation. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2012; 59: 1058-1072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.079"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Waksman R, Di Mario C, Torguson R, Ali ZA, Singh V, Skinner WH, Artis AK, Cate T Ten, Powers E, Kim C, Regar E, Wong SC, Lewis S, Wykrzykowska J, Dube S, Kazziha S, van der Ent M, Shah P, Craig PE, Zou Q, Kolm P, Brewer HB, Garcia-Garcia HM, Samady H, Tobis J, Zainea M, Leimbach W, Lee D, Lalonde T, Skinner W, Villa A, Liberman H, Younis G, de Silva R, Diaz M, Tami L, Hodgson J, Raveendran G, Goswami N, Arias J, Lovitz L, Carida R, Potluri S, Prati F, Erglis A, Pop A, McEntegart M, Hudec M, Rangasetty U, Newby D. Identification of patients and plaques vulnerable to future coronary events with near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound imaging: a prospective, cohort study. The Lancet, 2019; 394: 1629-1637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31794-5"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Erlinge D, Maehara A, Ben-Yehuda O, B\u00f8tker HE, Maeng M, Kj\u00f8ller-Hansen L, Engstr\u00f8m T, Matsumura M, Crowley A, Dressler O, Mintz GS, Fr\u00f6bert O, Persson J, Wiseth R, Larsen AI, Okkels Jensen L, Nordrehaug JE, Bleie \u00d8, Omerovic E, Held C, James SK, Ali ZA, Muller JE, Stone GW, PROSPECT II Investigators. Identification of vulnerable plaques and patients by intracoronary near-infrared spectroscopy and ultrasound (PROSPECT II): a prospective natural history study. Lancet, 2021; 397: 985-995","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00249-X"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) Mintz GS, Nissen SE, Anderson WD, Bailey SR, Erbel R, Fitzgerald PJ, Pinto FJ, Rosenfield K, Siegel RJ, Murat Tuzcu E, Yock PG, O\u2019Rourke RA, Abrams J, Bates ER, Brodie BR, Douglas PS, Gregoratos G, Hlatky MA, Hochman JS, Kaul S, Tracy CM, Waters DD, Winters WL. American College of Cardiology clinical expert consensus document on standards for acquisition, measurement and reporting of intravascular ultrasound studies (IVUS). J Am Coll Cardiol, 2001; 37: 1478-1492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01175-5"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Tonino P AL, De Bruyne B, Pijls NH, Siebert U, Ikeno F, van M, Klauss V, Manoharan G, Engstr\u00f8m T, Oldroyd KG, Ver Lee PN, MacCarthy PA, Fearon WF. Fractional Flow Reserve versus Angiography for Guiding Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. ; 2009","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807611"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) De Bruyne B, Fearon WF, Pijls NHJ, Barbato E, Tonino P, Piroth Z, Jagic N, Mobius-Winckler S, Rioufol G, Witt N, Kala P, MacCarthy P, Engstr\u00f6m T, Oldroyd K, Mavromatis K, Manoharan G, Verlee P, Frobert O, Curzen N, Johnson JB, Limacher A, N\u00fcesch E, J\u00fcni P. Fractional Flow Reserve\u2013Guided PCI for Stable Coronary Artery Disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 2014; 371: 1208-1217","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408758"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Tu S, Westra J, Yang J, von Birgelen C, Ferrara A, Pellicano M, Nef H, Tebaldi M, Murasato Y, Lansky A, Barbato E, van der Heijden LC, Reiber JHC, Holm NR, Wijns W. Diagnostic Accuracy of Fast Computational Approaches to Derive Fractional Flow Reserve From Diagnostic Coronary Angiography: The International Multicenter FAVOR Pilot Study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 2016; 9: 2024-2035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2016.07.013"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Dai N, Hwang D, Lee JM, Zhang J, Jeon KH, Paeng JC, Cheon GJ, Koo BK, Ge J. Feasibility of Quantitative Flow Ratio\u2013Derived Pullback Pressure Gradient Index and Its Impact on Diagnostic Performance. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv., 2021; 14: 353-355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2020.10.036"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"12) Dai N, Yuan S, Dou K, Zhang R, Hu N, He J, Guan C, Zou T, Qiao Z, Duan S, Xie L, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Xu B, Ge J. Prognostic Implications of Prestent Pullback Pressure Gradient and Poststent Quantitative Flow Ratio in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Am Heart Assoc, 2022; 11. doi: 10.1161\/JAHA.121.024903","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.024903"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Usui E, Yonetsu T, Murai T, Kanaji Y, Matsuda J, Hoshino M, Araki M, Niida T, Hada M, Ichijyo S, Hamaya R, Kanno Y, Lee T, Isobe M, Kakuta T. Prevalence of thin-cap fibroatheroma in relation to the severity of anatomical and physiological stenosis. Circulation Journal, 2017; 81: 1816-1823","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-17-0122"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Ahmadi A, Leipsic J, \u00d8vrehus KA, Gaur S, Bagiella E, Ko B, Dey D, LaRocca G, Jensen JM, B\u00f8tker HE, Achenbach S, De Bruyne B, N\u00f8rgaard BL, Narula J. Lesion-Specific and Vessel-Related Determinants of Fractional Flow Reserve Beyond Coronary Artery Stenosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2018; 11: 521-530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.11.020"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Kanno Y, Sugiyama T, Hoshino M, Usui E, Hamaya R, Kanaji Y, Murai T, Lee T, Yonetsu T, Kakuta T. Optical coherence tomography-defined plaque vulnerability in relation to functional stenosis severity stratified by fractional flow reserve and quantitative flow ratio. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, 2020; 96: E238-E247","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.28756"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Mintz GS, Popma JJ, Pichard AD, Kent KM, Satler LF, Chuang YC, Ditrano CJ, Leon MB. Patterns of calcification in coronary artery disease: A statistical analysis of intravascular ultrasound and coronary angiography in 1155 lesions. Circulation, 1995; 91: 1959-1965","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.7.1959"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17) Collet C, Sonck J, Vandeloo B, Mizukami T, Roosens B, Lochy S, Argacha JF, Schoors D, Colaiori I, Di Gioia G, Kodeboina M, Suzuki H, Van \u2019t Veer M, Bartunek J, Barbato E, Cosyns B, De Bruyne B. Measurement of Hyperemic Pullback Pressure Gradients to Characterize Patterns of Coronary Atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2019; 74: 1772-1784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.07.072"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Yonetsu T, Kakuta T, Lee T, Takahashi K, Kawaguchi N, Yamamoto G, Koura K, Hishikari K, Iesaka Y, Fujiwara H, Isobe M. In vivo critical fibrous cap thickness for rupture-prone coronary plaques assessed by optical coherence tomography. Eur Heart J, 2011; 32: 1251-1259","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq518"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Fujino A, Mintz GS, Matsumura M, Lee T, Kim SY, Hoshino M, Usui E, Yonetsu T, Haag ES, Shlofmitz RA, Kakuta T, Maehara A. A new optical coherence tomography-based calcium scoring system to predict stent underexpansion. EuroIntervention, 2018; 13: e2182-e2189","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-17-00962"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Jinnouchi H, Sato Y, Torii S, Sakamoto A, Cornelissen A, Bhoite RR, Kuntz S, Guo L, Paek KH, Fernandez R, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Finn A V. Detection of cholesterol crystals by optical coherence tomography. EuroIntervention, 2020; 16: 395-403","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-20-00202"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Shimokado A, Matsuo Y, Kubo T, Nishiguchi T, Taruya A, Teraguchi I, Shiono Y, Orii M, Tanimoto T, Yamano T, Ino Y, Hozumi T, Tanaka A, Muragaki Y, Akasaka T. In vivo optical coherence tomography imaging and histopathology of healed coronary plaques. Atherosclerosis, 2018; 275: 35-42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.025"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Wang C, Hu S, Wu J, Yu H, Pan W, Qin Y, He L, Li L, Hou J, Zhang S, Jia H, Yu B. Characteristics and significance of healed plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable angina: an in vivo OCT and IVUS study. EuroIntervention, 2019; 15: e771-e778","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-18-01175"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Uemura S, Ishigami KI, Soeda T, Okayama S, Sung JH, Nakagawa H, Somekawa S, Takeda Y, Kawata H, Horii M, Saito Y. Thin-cap fibroatheroma and microchannel findings in optical coherence tomography correlate with subsequent progression of coronary atheromatous plaques. Eur Heart J, 2012; 33: 78-85","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr284"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Tanaka A, Kawarabayashi T, Nishibori Y, Sano T, Nishida Y, Fukuda D, Shimada K, Yoshikawa J. No-reflow phenomenon and lesion morphology in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation, 2002; 105: 2148-2152","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000015697.59592.07"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Fujii K, Hao H, Shibuya M, Imanaka T, Fukunaga M, Miki K, Tamaru H, Sawada H, Naito Y, Ohyanagi M, Hirota S, Masuyama T. Accuracy of OCT, grayscale IVUS, and their combination for the diagnosis of coronary TCFA: An ex vivo validation study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2015; 8: 451-460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.10.015"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Zhang M, Matsumura M, Usui E, Noguchi M, Fujimura T, Fall KN, Zhang Z, Nazif TM, Parikh SA, Rabbani LRE, Kirtane AJ, Collins MB, Leon MB, Moses JW, Karmpaliotis D, Ali ZA, Mintz GS, Maehara A. Intravascular Ultrasound-Derived Calcium Score to Predict Stent Expansion in Severely Calcified Lesions. Circ Cardiovasc Interv, 2021; 14: E010296","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.120.010296"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Sakai K, Mizukami T, Leipsic J, Belmonte M, Sonck J, N\u00f8rgaard BL, Otake H, Ko B, Koo B kwon, Maeng M, Jensen JM, Buytaert D, Munhoz D, Andreini D, Ohashi H, Shinke T, Taylor CA, Barbato E, Johnson NP, De Bruyne B, Collet C. Coronary Atherosclerosis Phenotypes in Focal and Diffuse Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2023; 16: 1452-1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2023.05.018"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Yang S, Hwang D, Sakai K, Mizukami T, Leipsic J, Belmonte M, Sonck J, N\u00f8rgaard BL, Otake H, Ko B, Maeng M, M\u00f8ller Jensen J, Buytaert D, Munhoz D, Andreini D, Ohashi H, Shinke T, Taylor CA, Barbato E, De Bruyne B, Collet C, Koo B-K. Predictors for Vulnerable Plaque in Functionally Significant Lesions. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2025; 18: 195-206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2024.07.021"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Collet C, Munhoz D, Mizukami T, Sonck J, Matsuo H, Shinke T, Ando H, Ko B, Biscaglia S, Rivero F, Engstr\u00f8m T, Arslani K, Leone AM, van Nunen LX, Fearon WF, Christiansen EH, Fournier S, Desta L, Yong A, Adjedj J, Escaned J, Nakayama M, Eftekhari A, Zimmermann FM, Sakai K, Storozhenko T, da Costa BR, Campo G, West NEJ, De Potter T, Heggermont W, Buytaert D, Bartunek J, Berry C, Collison D, Johnson T, Amano T, Perera D, Jeremias A, Ali Z, Pijls NHJ, De Bruyne B, Johnson NP. Influence of Pathophysiologic Patterns of Coronary Artery Disease on Immediate Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Outcomes. Circulation, 2024; 150: 586-597","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.069450"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Burke AP, Kolodgie FD, Farb A, Weber DK, Malcom GT, Smialek J, Virmani R. Healed plaque ruptures and sudden coronary death: Evidence that subclinical rupture has a role in plaque progression. Circulation, 2001; 103: 934-940","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.7.934"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31) Mori H, Torii S, Kutyna M, Sakamoto A, Finn A V., Virmani R. Coronary Artery Calcification and its Progression: What Does it Really Mean? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2018; 11: 127-142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2017.10.012"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Endo Y, Sasaki K, Ikewaki K. Beyond High-density Lipoprotein-cholesterol: Unraveling the Complexity of High-density Lipoprotein Functionality. J. Atheroscler. Thromb., 2025; 32: 1359-1367","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.RV22042"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33) Khera A V, Cuchel M, de la Llera-Moya M, Rodrigues A, Burke MF, Jafri K, French BC, Phillips JA, Mucksavage ML, Wilensky RL, Mohler ER, Rothblat GH, Rader DJ. Cholesterol efflux capacity, high-density lipoprotein function, and atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med, 2011; 364: 127-135","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1001689"}],"container-title":["Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jat\/33\/11\/33_66164\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T22:18:06Z","timestamp":1793485086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jat\/33\/11\/33_66164\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5551\/jat.66164","relation":{},"ISSN":["1340-3478","1880-3873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1340-3478","type":"print"},{"value":"1880-3873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"article-number":"66164"}}