{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T10:12:47Z","timestamp":1788603167757,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Greater Baltimore Medical Center","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare systems, affecting opioid overdose\u2013related hospitalizations. National data examining how demographic and clinical outcomes evolved during this period, particularly by overdose intent, remain limited.\nMethods: Using the National Inpatient Sample (2018\u20132021), we identified adult hospitalizations for opioid overdose using ICD-10 codes and categorized cases as intentional, unintentional, or unspecified. Patients were grouped into pre-COVID (2018\u20132019) and post-COVID (2020\u20132021) cohorts. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models adjusted for patient- and hospital-level factors evaluated demographic differences, complications, and outcomes\nResults: Among 293,810 hospitalizations, intentional overdoses decreased over time, while unintentional overdoses remained predominant. Post-COVID hospitalizations had higher odds of, sudden cardiac arrest (5.53% vs 4.52%; aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09\u20131.27), vasopressor use (aOR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.24), and cardiac dysrhythmias (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.14), with no mortality difference (aOR 1.00, 95% CI 0.92\u20131.08).\nIntentional overdoses were more common among younger females and associated with better clinical outcomes.. Compared with unintentional overdoses, intentional cases had lower odds of in-hospital mortality (1.86% vs 4.90%; aOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.40\u20130.55), sudden cardiac arrest (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.22\u20130.31), invasive ventilation (aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.76\u20130.85), and anoxic brain injury (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.35\u20130.47).\nConclusions: Despite a decline in opioid overdose\u2013related hospitalizations, unintentional overdoses remained the dominant and more severe presentation. The increase in post-COVID complications suggests a shift toward greater clinical acuity, placing additional strain on inpatient healthcare resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.55729\/2000-9666.1632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T00:52:07Z","timestamp":1784422327000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparative Analysis of Opioid Overdose Hospitalizations Pre- and Post-Pandemic: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample Database"],"prefix":"10.55729","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Shakir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Center of Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, 18505, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niloy","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed A","family":"Quazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor | Statistician, Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Limanovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Student, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Rafel","family":"Awan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humza","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeel","family":"Nasrullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Drexel University Director Advanced Asthma and Allergy Clinic, Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abu Baker","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"34701","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"container-title":["Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T09:52:56Z","timestamp":1788601976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/scholarlycommons.gbmc.org\/jchimp\/vol16\/iss4\/8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55729\/2000-9666.1632","relation":{},"ISSN":["2000-9666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2000-9666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]}}}