{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:38:10Z","timestamp":1792683490761,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-ULAKBIM) - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/aim: Liver damage is a significant complication that increases mortality and morbidity in primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). Although biopsy is the gold standard, the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scoring system is a noninvasive method for diagnosing liver fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the value of the FIB-4 score as an early indicator of liver damage in patients with primary antibody deficiencies (PADs).\nMaterials and methods: Of 52 patients, 40 had common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), 12 had immunoglobulin G subclass deficiency (IgG-SGD), and they were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into hematology, rheumatology + dermatology, gastroenterology\/hepatology, and respiratory diseases groups based on their clinical phenotypes. FIB-4 score calculation and transient elastography were used to detect liver complications.\nResults: FIB-4 scores were significantly higher in CVID patients than in those with SGD (p = 0.003), and were also elevated in PAD patients with hematology and gastroenterology\/hepatology phenotypes compared with rheumatology + dermatology and respiratory phenotypes (p &lt; 0.001). In the gastroenterology\/hepatology group patients, FIB-4 scores showed a strong positive correlation with elastography values (r = 0.825, p &lt; 0.001). FIB-4 and elastography showed moderate to good agreement (\u03ba = 0.41\u20130.60) for detecting significant fibrosis, and FIB-4 was also a valuable indicator in high-risk patients (\u22653.25).\nConclusions: This study is the first to show that FIB-4 may serve as a practical and noninvasive indicator of liver damage in PADs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.55730\/1300-0144.6219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T10:45:45Z","timestamp":1782297945000},"page":"847-859","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A high FIB-4 score may be an early sign of severe liver damage in patients with primary antibody deficiencies"],"prefix":"10.55730","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1511-7634","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"HACI U\u011eUR","family":"MU\u015eABAK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v9bqx10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3143-2442","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"TUBA","family":"ERDO\u011eAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v9bqx10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6345-8607","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"EMRE","family":"\u00d6ZBEK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01nk6sj42","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DUDU MERVE","family":"DURAK AN\u015e\u0130N","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v9bqx10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6082-9448","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"ZUMRUD","family":"MEHT\u0130","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v9bqx10","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"34691","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"container-title":["Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:42:38Z","timestamp":1792680158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.tubitak.gov.tr\/medical\/vol56\/iss3\/25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55730\/1300-0144.6219","relation":{},"ISSN":["1300-0144"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1300-0144","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]}}}