{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:47:23Z","timestamp":1782388043350,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurobiol. Exp."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proton pump inhibitors are widely used, but their long\u2011term effects on the central nervous system are not well understood. In this study, we investigated whether chronic pantoprazole use alters sensorimotor function, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in the motor cortex and cerebellum. Twenty\u2011one female Wistar rats were randomized to control (C), gavage control (GC), or pantoprazole (P; 20 mg\/kg\/day for 12 weeks) groups. Sensorimotor coordination (rotarod), water\u2011maze swim velocity, and open\u2011field locomotion were assessed as behavioral parameters. The cortical and cerebellar tissues were analyzed by Enzyme\u2011Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Pantoprazole impaired sensorimotor coordination compared to both control groups. However, its effects on swim velocity and locomotor activity were primarily significant when compared to the naive control group, suggesting that gavage\u2011related stress may have contributed to these behavioral outcomes. Bcl\u20112\u2011associated X protein (BAX) and Bcl\u20112 associated agonist of cell death (BAD) protein levels and the BAX\/Bcl\u20112 ratio increased with pantoprazole, particularly in the motor cortex, indicating enhanced pro\u2011apoptotic activity. While tumor necrosis factor levels did not change, interleukin (IL)\u20116 and IL\u20111\u03b2 levels were significantly higher in the cerebellum, suggesting neuroinflammatory activation associated with both pantoprazole and gavage\u2011induced stress. Furthermore, oxidative stress analyses revealed elevated malondialdehyde and oxidative stress index levels, as well as increased total antioxidant status, in specific regions, suggesting an imbalance between oxidative and antioxidant responses. Chronic pantoprazole administration resulted in modest motor deficits and region\u2011specific molecular alterations, including a pro\u2011apoptotic shift in the motor cortex. In addition, an inflammatory\/compensatory antioxidant response in the cerebellum was observed due to both gavage\u2011induced stress and pantoprazole administration. These findings highlight the need for further studies on dose\u2011response, reversibility, and synaptic consequences, and suggest the importance of considering the risks of prolonged proton pump inhibitors exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.55782\/4sbep348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:00:14Z","timestamp":1782385214000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic pantoprazole exposure induces behavioral deficits and region\u2011specific molecular changes in the rat motor cortex and cerebellum"],"prefix":"10.55782","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3028-5371","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emine","family":"Caglar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Graduate Education, Neuroscience Master\u2019s Program, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9462-0862","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Birsen","family":"Elibol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurhayat","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Application and Research Center, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7094-3336","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ilknur","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkiye; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"34635","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"container-title":["Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ane.pl\/index.php\/ane\/article\/download\/2770\/2567","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ane.pl\/index.php\/ane\/article\/download\/2770\/2567","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:00:14Z","timestamp":1782385214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ane.pl\/index.php\/ane\/article\/view\/2770"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55782\/4sbep348","relation":{},"ISSN":["1689-0035","0065-1400"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1689-0035","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0065-1400","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]}}}