{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:05:09Z","timestamp":1790337909700,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"The Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurobiol. Exp."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated the in vivo effects of hirudotherapy (medicinal leech therapy) on microcirculation and inflammation following global ischemia\u2011induced cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) in rats. Rats were divided into three groups of eight (control, I\/R, and hirudotherapy) for this study. Global ischemia was created in the I\/R and treatment groups by occluding both common carotid arteries. According to the I\/R procedure, two Hirudo verbana leeches were applied bilaterally to the mastoid regions. Serum and tissue samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters including superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin 6 (IL\u20116), nitric oxide (NO), calcitonin gene\u2011related peptide (CGRP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), endothelin\u20111, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2011\u03b1), ischemia modified albumin (IMA), and hypoxia\u2011inducible factor\u20111 alpha (HIF\u20111\u03b1). Histopathological methods were used to examine edema, degeneration, necrosis, and hemorrhagic changes in brain tissue samples. The I\/R group showed significantly increased tissue TNF\u2011\u03b1 levels compared to controls. Tissue IMA and HIF\u20111\u03b1 levels were significantly higher in the treatment group. Treatment significantly reduced degeneration, necrosis, edema, and hemorrhage in brain tissues, as shown by histopathology. Histopathological analysis shows significantly less tissue damage in the hirudotherapy group compared to the I\/R group, suggesting that hirudotherapy reduces brain damage after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.55782\/h8jybm96","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:57:56Z","timestamp":1790337476000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuroprotective effects of hirudotherapy in cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury: an experimental rat model"],"prefix":"10.55782","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1714-3189","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Batbayar","family":"Chimidtseren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurologist, Independent Researcher, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7940-4590","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kubranur","family":"Unal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8362-3136","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zafer Omer","family":"Ozdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakan","family":"Parlakp\u0131nar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"34635","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"container-title":["Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:57:56Z","timestamp":1790337476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ane.pl\/index.php\/ane\/article\/view\/2789"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55782\/h8jybm96","relation":{},"ISSN":["1689-0035","0065-1400"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1689-0035","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0065-1400","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}}}