{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T19:08:43Z","timestamp":1784315323734,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement (IRCA-BSSA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IRDR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2025.01056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T22:07:44Z","timestamp":1766354864000},"page":"71-84","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Visualization analysis of the use of traditional Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of rare diseases in mainland China based on CiteSpace"],"prefix":"10.5582","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yun","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Literature Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijing","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Health Development Research Center, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3542","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Melnikova I. Rare diseases and orphan drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012; 11:267-268.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3654"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"2. Department of Medical Affairs. Notice on the Publication of the First List of Rare Diseases. National Health Commission of China, 2018-05-11. <i>https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/2018-12\/31\/content_5435167.htm?utm_source<\/i> (accessed September 10, 2025). (in Chinese)"},{"key":"3","unstructured":"3. Department of Medical Affairs. Notice on the Publication of the Second List of Rare Diseases. National Health Commission of China, 2023-09-18. <i>https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/202309\/content_6905273.htm?utm_source<\/i> (accessed September 10, 2025). (in Chinese)"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Tang M, Yang Y, Ye Z, Song P, Jin C, Kang Q, He J. Release and impact of China&apos;s &quot;Second List of Rare Diseases&quot;. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2023; 12:251-256.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2023.01086"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Kong Q, Fan C, Zhang Y, Yan X, Chen L, Kang Q, Yin P. Rare disease publishing trends worldwide and in China: A citespace-based bibliometric study. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2025; 14:1-13.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2024.01059"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"6. Department of Medical Affairs. Notice on Adjusting Member Hospitals and Office Personnel of the National Rare Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Collaboration Network. National Health Commission of the People&apos;s Republic of China, 2024-02-28. <i>https:\/\/www.nhc.gov.cn\/yzygj\/c100068\/202403\/e0328f505bcc47619e464148b2304dc0.shtml?utm_source<\/i> (accessed September 10, 2025). (in Chinese)"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Sun C, Sun Y, Shen H, Yang C, Xu S. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in East Asian. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2017; 6:80-86.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2017.01014"},{"key":"8","unstructured":"8. Lyu X, Pang L, Zhou J, Yu G. Discussion on traditional Chinese medicine&apos;s approach to pulmonary atrophy and its relationship with pulmonary fibrosis. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2007; 3:289-290. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"9. Pang L, Wang L, Lyu X. On the relationship between pulmonary fibrosis (lung wilting) and the lung, spleen, and kidney. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2008; 2:211-212. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Pang L, Wang L, Lyu X. Pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis (Fei Wei). Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2011; 29:1596-1597. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. Lyu X, Pang L, Liu C. Structures and functions of pulmonary collaterals and pathogenesis called &quot;Fei-Re Luo-Yu&quot; of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in its acute phase. Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology. 2014; 16:1980-1983. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"12. Yuan Q, Pang L, Hua Z, Liu C, Zang N, Lyu X. Pathogenesis of &quot;Qi-Yin deficiency of the Lung, phlegm and blood stasis in the collateral&quot; in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on the theory of collateral disease. Journal of Basic Chinese Medicine. 2014; 20:893-894+921. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13. Zhao Z, Pang L, Hua Z, Liu C, Zheng W, Zang N, Yuan Q, Yang L, Ren Y, Lyu X. Analysis on the theoretical basis and mechanism of Chinese compound for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in network. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2015; 49:30-32. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"14","unstructured":"14. Pang L, Zhao Z, Liu C, Lyu X. Preliminary study on targets of traditional Chinese medicine compound in chronic and complex disease treatment based on collaterals. modernization of traditional Chinese medicine and materia medica-world science and technology. 2015; 17:319-323. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Ren Y, Lyu X, Pang L, Liu C, Hua Z, Zheng W, Zang N, Zhao Z, Yuan Q, Yang L. Prognosis of diopathic pulmonary fibrosis treated by therapy of restoring deficiency and expelling collaterals. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2016; 31:1959-1962. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"16","unstructured":"16. Hua Z, Pang L, Liu C, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Lyu X. The point selection and medication rule of acupoint application treatment for the complex and chronic diseases of lung base on literature. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2015; 17:56-60. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17. Xu H, Lyu X, Pang L, Liu C. Analysis the the theory of nursing determination based on syndrome differentiation called &quot;Compendium of nursing principles and Outline of nursing methods&quot; of the chronic. Journal of Basic Chinese Medicine. 2013; 19:960-961. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"18","unstructured":"18. Yu R, Pang L, Zang N, Wang T, Lyu X. Standardization of syndrome differentiation and comparison of syndrome differentiation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2023; 25:80-84. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Li M, Zhou N, Duan S, Zhong H, Jiang R, Yuan N. Burden and trends of multiple sclerosis in China from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. BMJ Open. 2022; 12:e066335.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-066335"},{"key":"20","unstructured":"20. Fan Y. Advantages and disadvantages of traditional Chinese medicine pattern differentiation treatment for multiple sclerosis. Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2005; 209-211. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"21","unstructured":"21. Fan Y, Wang S. Standard for clinical diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for multiple sclerosis\/neuromyelitis optica. Journal of Capital Medical University. 2018; 39:833-835. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"22. Fan Y, Tong Y, Yang T. Diagnosis and treatment plan of integrated Chinese and western medicine for multiple sclerosis. Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2024; 43:124-127. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"23","unstructured":"23. Ding S, Zhang Y, Liu M. Analysis of medication rules of nationally famous traditional Chinese medicine physicians in treating multiple sclerosis. Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine. 2025; 21:121-127. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Zhang S, Cao S, Chen Y, Zhang B, Yang J. Discussion on the relationship between the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and related objective indicators in hepatolenticular degeneration. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103:e39747.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000039747"},{"key":"25","unstructured":"25. Chen Y, Yang W, Wang H, Tang L, Jiang H, Wei T. YANG Wen-ming&apos;s thoughts and experience of differentiation and treatment about Wilson&apos;s disease. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2020; 35:1843-1846. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"26","unstructured":"26. Wang M, Wang C. Yang Wenming&apos;s idea of treating hepatolenticular degeneration from sputum and stasis. Clinical Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2017; 29:983-985. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"27","unstructured":"27. He W, Yang W, Wang H, Wang M, Dong T, Jin S. Clinical Efficacy of Gandouling Decoction in Improving Hepatic Function with Phlegm and Blood Stasis Type Wilson&apos;s Disease. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae. 2020; 26:105-111. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"28","unstructured":"28. Tao Z. The effect of gdt combined with swallowing training on dysphagia of hepatolenticular degeneration. 2019. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"29","unstructured":"29. Zhou P. Clinical study on the effect of gandouling combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the depressive disorder of hepatolenticular degeneration. 2020. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"30","unstructured":"30. Kuang C. Clinical intervention study of gandouling combined with repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation on wilson disease with cognitive dysfunction and the effect of gandouling on learning and memory and ros in high copper loaded mice. 2020. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"31","unstructured":"31. Tang L, Yang W, Dong T, Zhang J, Chen H, Wang H, Wei T, Jiang H, Yang Y. Clinical efficacy of gandou fumu granules on Wilson disease with liver-kidney deficiency and phlegm-blood stasis. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae. 2022; 28:127-132. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32. Vingolo EM, Mascolo S, Miccich\u00e8 F, Manco G. Retinitis pigmentosa: From pathomolecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024; 60:189.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60010189"},{"key":"33","unstructured":"33. Peng Q, Li C. A research summary on the mechanism of pigmentary degeneration of retina belonging to deficiency complicated with blood stasis. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 1993; 7-10+61. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"34","unstructured":"34. Peng J, Yang Y, Li B, Zhang J, Zhang M, Yu J, Zhu Y, Li C, Peng Q. Retrospective analysis of traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive therapy for 297 cases of Japanese retinitis pigmentosa. Journal of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine. 2020; 40:788-791. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"35","unstructured":"35. Peng J, Yang Y, Li B, Yu J, Zhang J, Li C, Zhang M, Zhu Y, Peng Q. Clinical observation on traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive treatment of 973 cases of retinitis pigmentosa. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2021; 48:95-97+222. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"36","unstructured":"36. Liu J, Kang Z, Liu J, Wang Y, Xing K, Chu W, Li W, Tao F, Wang L, Zhang C, Chen S. Clinical observation on combined TCM therapy of primary retinitis pigmentosa. China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology. 2018; 28:33-35. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"37","unstructured":"37. Hu X, Sun H, Bai S. Exploring the application of viscera differentiation in primary retinitis pigmentosa based on the theory of five wheels theory. China Journal of Chinese Ophthalmology. 2024; 34:558-562+573. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38. Liu Y, Jiang B, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Yao Y, Zhu B, Shi H, Chai X, Hu X, Zhang B, Li H. Effect of traditional Chinese medicine in osteosarcoma: Cross-interference of signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024; 103:e36467.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000036467"},{"key":"39","unstructured":"39. Si F, Ding S. Study on TCM patterns \/ Syndromes of osteosarcoma and formula analysis. World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine. 2015; 10:903-907. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"40. Wang H, Sun G. Sun Guizhi&apos;s experience in treating osteosarcoma. World Chinese Medicine. 2012; 7:21-22. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"41","unstructured":"41. Xu Y, Liu Y, Chen J, Yang J. Chief physician Liu Yunxia&apos;s thought on staged treatment of osteosarcoma. New Chinese Medicine. 2016; 48:212-213. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"42","unstructured":"42. Ding J, Xie X, Xu W, Li N, Li J, Su J, Song X. Advancement of research on the role of TCM in chemoradiotherapy of osteosarcoma. The Journal of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology. 2018; 30:43-46+49. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"43","unstructured":"43. Yin M, Wang H, Sun Z, Yan W, Lan Y, Wang D, Huang Q, Wei H, Yang Y, Xiao J, Mo W. Clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome element diagnostic scale for osteosarcoma. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2023; 38:2820-2822. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"44","unstructured":"44. Yin M, Wang H, Sun Z, Yan W, Lan Y, Wang D, Huang Q, Wei H, Xiao J, Mo W. Construction of TCM syndrome element diagnostic scale for osteosarcoma. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2022; 37:5938-5942. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"45","unstructured":"45. Yin M. Construction of TCM syndrome element diagnostic scale for osteosarcoma and study on the molecular mechanism of Yiqi-Sanyu-Jiedu formula to inhibit the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma. 2021. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46. Schmidt E, Kasperkiewicz M, Joly P. Pemphigus. Lancet. 2019; 394:882-894.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31778-7"},{"key":"47","unstructured":"47. Zhou D, Yang Z, Chen W. Guidelines for traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2017; 58:86-90. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"48","unstructured":"48. Wang H, Wang P, Deng B. Analysis of 120 cases of pemphigus and pemphigoid treated with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine. 2007; 154-156. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"49","unstructured":"49. Dong Y, Wei G, Jin G, Jin S. One proven case of Jin Shi&apos;s pattern differentiation and treatment for severe pemphigus. Jiangsu Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2020; 52:54-55. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"50","unstructured":"50. Liu J, Yang H, Wang P, Yang L, Zhang Y, Zhou D. ZHANG Zhi-li&apos;s clinical experience in treating pemphigus. Beijing Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2020; 39:816-818. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"51","unstructured":"51. Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Xi S, Wan J, Wang S, Su J, Zhai X. Experience of WANG Yan-hui in the treatment of pemphigus. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy. 2020; 35:717-719. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"52","unstructured":"52. Yu Y, Li M, Tao G, Wang T, Su C, Zhang J. Correlation between total IgE and CCL17 expression with traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and disease severity in bullous pemphigoid. Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine. 2023; 22:511-514. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"53","unstructured":"53. Barranco-Lamp\u00f3n G, Mart\u00ednez-Castro R, Arana-Luna L, <i>et al<\/i>. Polycythemia vera. Gac Med Mex. 2022; 158:11-16."},{"key":"54","unstructured":"54. Chen S. Treatment of one case of polycythemia vera with TCM pattern differentiation. New Chinese Medicine. 1979; 40-41. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"55","unstructured":"55. Lyu K. Treatment of 3 cases of &quot;polycythemia vera&quot; with TCM pattern differentiation. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1981; 24-25. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"56","unstructured":"56. Gao Y. Pathogenesis of polycythemia vera in traditional Chinese and Western medicine and efficacy evaluation of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"57","unstructured":"57. Wang L, Liu B. Professor LIU Bao-wen Syndrome differentiation and treatment the polycythemia vera. Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine. 2012; 26:21-22. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"58","unstructured":"58. Xiao H, Fang S, Hu X, Wang Y, Qu W, Song M, Ji F, Wang T, Deng C. Deng Chengshan&apos;s experience in differentiating and treating polycythemia vera. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2014; 48:1-3. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"59","unstructured":"59. Societies PCoHoWFoCM, Medicine HBoCSoTC, Association HBoCEM, Societies BDPTSACoWFoCM. Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycythemia Vera by Integrative Medicine. 2023; 43:1413-1419. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"60. Liu Y, Ma L, Zhang Z, <i>et al<\/i>. 2025 Chinese guideline for the imaging diagnosis and evaluation of Takayasu arteritis. Adv Rheumatol. 2025; 65:25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-025-00460-9"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"61. Tombetti E, Di Chio MC, Sartorelli S, Bozzolo E, Sabbadini MG, Manfredi AA, Baldissera E. Anti-cytokine treatment for Takayasu arteritis: State of the art. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2014; 3:29-33.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.3.29"},{"key":"62","unstructured":"62. Fang Z, Wu X. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment of Takayasu arteritis: A report of 55 cases. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1980; 31-33. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"63","unstructured":"63. Liu H. Xi Jiuyi&apos;s experience in treating connective tissue disease vasculitis. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 1995; 716-717. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"64","unstructured":"64. Wang X, Zhang W, Li Q, Weng W. Guo Shikui&apos;s experience in treating Takayasu arteritis from the perspective of stasis. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2023; 57:26-29. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"65","unstructured":"65. Zhang L, Zhang M, Chen B. Professor CHEN Baogui&apos;s experience in the treatment of takayasu arteritis. Tianjin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2020; 37:762-765. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"66. Sato Y, Nakatani E, Watanabe Y, Fukushima M, Nakashima K, Kannagi M, Kanatani Y, Mizushima H. Prediction of prognosis of ALS: Importance of active denervation findings of the cervical-upper limb area and trunk area. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2015; 4:181-189.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2015.01043"},{"key":"67","unstructured":"67. Siddique N, Siddique T. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis overview. In: Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews\u00ae [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993\u20132025."},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"68. He J, Fan D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Mainland China: Clinical translational challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Neurol. 2025; 38:596-605.","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001421"},{"key":"69","unstructured":"69. Wang S, Yang X, Deng T, Liu X. Compilation of Professor Deng Tietao&apos;s experience in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2010; 27:310-312. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"70","unstructured":"70. Zeng C, Zhang Z, Liu Z. Professor Li Renxian&apos;s experience in treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. New Chinese Medicine. 2002; 12-13. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"71","unstructured":"71. Li X, Liu M, Yin A, Han C, Liu Y, Liu J. Meta analysis on traditional Chinese medicine tonic class prescriptions in treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae. 2016; 22:201-207. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"72. Sadiq W, Subhan M. Isolated homocysteinemia leading to thromboembolism in young male with normal vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub> and folate levels. Cureus. 2017; 9:e1978.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.1978"},{"key":"73","unstructured":"73. Li W, Jing G, Chen X. Exploration of TCM etiology and pathogenesis of hyperhomocysteinemia. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2006; 412-413. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"74","unstructured":"74. Cai H. Progress in pathogenesis and treatment of H-type hypertension. Journal of China Prescription Drug. 2019; 17:24-26. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"75","unstructured":"75. Zhang Q, Rao Z. 60 cases of acute cerebral infarction combined with high isotype cysteine treated with Xifeng Huatan Tongluo decoction. Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2015; 35:282-284. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"76","unstructured":"76. Wang C, Sun B. Xuefu Zhuyu detoction in the treatment of stable angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with high level of homocysteine. Jilin Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2017; 37:689-692. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"77. Gerussi A, Asselta R, Invernizzi P. Genetics of primary biliary cholangitis. Clin Liver Dis. 2022; 26:571-582.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2022.06.002"},{"key":"78","unstructured":"78. Zheng Y, Chen J, Chen Y, Shi Z, Xu L. Distribution features of TCM syndrome types and syndrome elements of primary biliary cholangitis: A literature review. Journal of Clinical Hepatology. 2018; 34:814-819. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"79. Xu KF, Xu W, Liu S, Yu J, Tian X, Yang Y, Wang ST, Zhang W, Feng R, Zhang T. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2020; 41:256-268.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1702195"},{"key":"80","unstructured":"80. Guan X, Wu J, Zhu Y. Analysis of clinical characteristics and efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in 201 cases of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025; 29:935-940. (in Chinese)"},{"key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"81. Wang Y, Liu Y, Du G, Liu Y, Zeng Y. Epidemiology and distribution of 207 rare diseases in China: A systematic literature review. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2024; 13:73-88.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2024.01001"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"82. Song P, He J, Li F, Jin C. Innovative measures to combat rare diseases in China: The national rare diseases registry system, larger-scale clinical cohort studies, and studies in combination with precision medicine research. Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2017; 6:1-5.","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2017.01003"}],"container-title":["Intractable &amp; Rare Diseases Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/irdr\/15\/1\/15_2025.01056\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:04:37Z","timestamp":1772251477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/irdr\/15\/1\/15_2025.01056\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5582\/irdr.2025.01056","relation":{},"ISSN":["2186-361X","2186-3644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2186-361X","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2186-3644","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"article-number":"2025.01056"}}