{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T11:11:54Z","timestamp":1769944314104,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Studies on the effects of outdoor air pollution on the respiratory health of students in tropical countries such as Malaysia are limited.<jats:bold>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:bold> To assess associations between outdoor air pollutants and peak expiratory flow (PEF) and fractional exhaled\n nitric oxide (FeNO).<jats:bold>METHOD:<\/jats:bold> PEF and FeNO levels of 487 students recruited in Melaka and Putrajaya, Malaysia, were measured in April and June 2014. Multiple linear regression with mutual adjustment was used to analyse the associations between exposure to air pollution and health.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n PEF was significantly associated with ozone for 1-day exposure (\u03b2 = \u221213.3 l\/min, 95% CI \u221222.7 to \u22123.8), carbon monoxide for 2-day exposure (\u03b2 = \u221257.2 l\/min, 95% CI \u221290.7 to \u221223.7) and particulate matter \u226610 \u03bcm in diameter for 3-day exposure\n (\u03b2 = \u22126.0 l\/min, 95% CI \u22129.2 to \u22122.8) and 7-day exposure (\u03b2 = \u22128.6 l\/min, 95% CI \u221213.0 to \u22124.1). Stratified analysis showed that associations between PEF and outdoor air pollutant exposures were similar in students with and without elevated FeNO\n levels.<jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> Outdoor air pollution in Malaysia may cause airway obstruction unrelated to eosinophilic airway inflammation among students as measured using FeNO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.19.0096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T04:39:41Z","timestamp":1583296781000},"page":"189-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Associations between air pollutants and peak expiratory flow and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in students"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"M. A.","family":"Adman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Shah Alam, International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University\u2013Kuala Lumpur"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Hashim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Shah Alam, International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University\u2013Kuala Lumpur"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. R. A.","family":"Manaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Norback","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2020\/00000024\/00000002\/art00007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T04:39:45Z","timestamp":1583296785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.19.0096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20200201)24:2L.189;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.19.0096","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]]}}}