{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:59:34Z","timestamp":1792155574608,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> TB is the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease, particularly among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Molecular epidemiology provides information on prevalent genotypes of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> and disease transmission dynamics, which aid\n in TB control. Identification of mutations that confer drug resistance is essential for the rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant TB, especially in high TB burden settings, like the Philippines.<jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> This study aimed to determine mutations in <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> drug resistance-conferring\n genes and circulating genotypes in PLHIV. MIRU-VNTR (mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeats) typing using a set of 24-loci and sequencing of drug resistance-conferring genes were performed in 22 <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> isolates from TB-HIV co-infected patients.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n The prevalence of resistance to any drug was 31.8%, 18.2% for isoniazid monoresistance, 4.5% for streptomycin monoresistance and 9.1% for multidrug resistance. The identified mutations in the <jats:italic>kat<\/jats:italic>G<jats:italic>, rpo<\/jats:italic>B<jats:italic>, pnc<\/jats:italic>A<jats:italic>, rps<\/jats:italic>L and <jats:italic>gyr<\/jats:italic>A genes have been reported in the\n literature; none was found in the <jats:italic>inh<\/jats:italic>A and <jats:italic>emb<\/jats:italic>B genes. All isolates belonged to the EAI2-Manila family and were grouped into four clusters based on their phenotypic drug resistance and mutation profiles.<jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> The use of 24-loci set may be used as a more discriminatory\n MIRU-VNTR typing in settings where the East African-Indian lineage is predominant, like the Philippines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T04:30:32Z","timestamp":1616646632000},"page":"285-291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular epidemiology of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> in adult Filipino TB-HIV co-infected patients"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"J. C. M.","family":"Malabad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. F.","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. A. R.","family":"Palabrica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A. M.","family":"Cajucom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. G.","family":"Gloriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Y. A. M.","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Montoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2021\/00000025\/00000004\/art00006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T05:34:40Z","timestamp":1625117680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.20.0878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20210401)25:4L.285;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.20.0878","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]}}}