{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T01:50:58Z","timestamp":1778809858481,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:bold> To describe the epidemiological trends and characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Galicia, Spain, from 2000 to 2019.<jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> This was a retrospective cohort study based on data from the Galician TB information system.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n Of the total number of TB cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 15,871), 5,428 (34.2%) had EPTB. The absolute number of cases and incidence of EPTB decreased dramatically (from 480 cases and 17.8 cases\/100,000 in 2000, to 172 and 6.4 cases\/100,000 in 2019, respectively), with a mean annual decrease of respectively\n 64% and 4.7% for absolute cases and incidence rates. The risk for EPTB was higher in men than in women (RR 3.86, 95% CI 3.66\u20134.07). The most frequent age group was 15\u201344 years (2,234 patients, 41.2%); overall reductions per age group were 82% (0\u201314 years), 75% (15\u201344\n years), 44% (45\u201364 years) and 63% (\u226565 years), with statistically significant differences. The most frequently locations were the pleura (1,916 cases; 35.3%) and the lymph nodes (1,504; 27.7%).<jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> The incidence of EPTB in Galicia has decreased significantly in the\n last 20 years. The epidemiological characteristics have not changed, except for the number of patients with risk factors. This improvement of EPTB epidemiological trends coincides with the implementation of the programme for the prevention and control of TB, which suggests that it has been\n very effective in the control of the EPTB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T09:42:09Z","timestamp":1620812529000},"page":"373-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Recent epidemiological trends in extrapulmonary TB in Galicia, Spain"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Ferreiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain, Grupo Interdisciplinar de Investigaci\u00f3n en Neumolog\u00eda, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Santiago\n de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ruano-Ravi\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Otero-Mallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Pou-\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Riveiro-Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Casal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Su\u00e1rez-Antelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Neumolog\u00eda, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela. Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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