{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T15:28:38Z","timestamp":1781278118288,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> In March 2011, the Department of Public Health East in Ireland were notified of two cases of TB in two prisoners sharing a cell. We define the resulting outbreak and highlight the role of public health and laboratory-based molecular epidemiology in mapping and control\n of a prison outbreak.<jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Cases were identified through clinical presentation, contact tracing, case-finding exercise or enhanced laboratory surveillance. <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> isolates were genotyped and underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS).<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n Of the 34 cases of TB linked to the outbreak, 27 were prisoners (79%), 4 prison officers (12%) and 3 community cases (9%). <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> was isolated from 31 cases (culture positivity: 91%). A maximum of six single-nucleotide polymorphisms separated the isolates, with 22 being identical,\n suggestive of a highly infectious \u2018super-spreader\u00b4 within the prison. Isolates belonged to the Beijing sub-lineage, and were susceptible to first-line anti-TB agents. A case-finding exercise incidentally detected a prisoner with multidrug-resistant TB. Of the 143 prison officers\n screened, 52% had latent TB infection. Litigation costs exceeded five million euros.<jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> This constitutes the largest prison outbreak of TB in Western Europe investigated using WGS. A robust prison entry TB screening and education programme is required to effect better TB\n control, and prevent future outbreaks and attendant litigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]],"date-time":"2021-05-29T04:39:07Z","timestamp":1622263147000},"page":"491-497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The largest prison outbreak of TB in Western Europe investigated using whole-genome sequencing"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Roycroft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St James\u00b4s Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Fitzgibbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St James\u00b4s Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. M.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health East, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Scully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health East, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. R.","family":"Flanagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St James\u00b4s Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. V.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. R.","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Irish Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, St James\u00b4s Hospital Campus, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Keane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James\u00b4s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"O\u00b4Meara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health East, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2021\/00000025\/00000006\/art00012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T04:48:36Z","timestamp":1637815716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20210601)25:6L.491;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]}}}