{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:45:58Z","timestamp":1791179158344,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold>\n Post-TB lung disease (PTLD) is an important but under-recognised chronic respiratory disease in high TB burden settings such as Tanzania.\n METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n This was a cross-sectional survey of adults within 2 years of completion of TB treatment in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.\n Data were collected using questionnaires (symptoms and exposures), spirometry and chest radiographs to assess outcome measures, which were correlated with daily life exposures, including environment and diet.\n RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n Of the 219 participants enrolled (mean age: 45 years \u00b1\n 10; 193 88% males), 98 (45%) reported chronic respiratory symptoms; 46 (22%) had received treatment for TB two or more times; and HIV prevalence was 35 (16%). Spirometric abnormalities were observed in 146 (67%). Chest X-ray abnormalities occurred in 177 (86%). A diagnosis of PTLD was made\n in 200 (91%), and half had clinically relevant PTLD. The prevalence of mMRC \u2265Grade 3 chronic bronchitis and dyspnoea was respectively 11% and 26%. Older age, multiple episodes of TB and poverty indicators were linked with clinically relevant PTLD.\n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold>\n We found a substantial\n burden of PTLD in adults who had recently completed TB treatment in Tanzania. There is a pressing need to identify effective approaches for both the prevention and management of this disease.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T02:20:20Z","timestamp":1633573220000},"page":"846-853","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The burden and determinants of post-TB lung disease"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"S. G.","family":"Mpagama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. S.","family":"Msaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Kaswaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. J.","family":"Zurba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Education for Health Africa, Mount Edgecombe, Durban, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. M.","family":"Mbelele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science & Technology, Arusha, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. W.","family":"Allwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Stellenbosch University & Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B-S.","family":"Ngungwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M.","family":"Kisonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kibong\u00b4oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lesosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Rylance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lung Health Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Mortimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"on behalf of the lung health in Africa across","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2021\/00000025\/00000010\/art00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T04:34:03Z","timestamp":1762576443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20211001)25:10L.846;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}}}