{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:06:11Z","timestamp":1789596371699,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold>\n                    TB notifications in Latin American prisons have more than doubled over the past two decades; however, treatment outcomes and their determinants among incarcerated individuals in this region are not well understood.\n                    <jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Newly diagnosed drug-susceptible\n TB cases reported to Brazil\u00b4s Information System for Notifiable Diseases (\n                    <jats:italic>Sistema de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o de Agravos de Notifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/jats:italic>\n                    , SINAN) between January 2015 and December 2017 were included. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess socio-economic\n and clinical factors associated with treatment success among incarcerated individuals.\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Incarcerated individuals (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 17,776) had greater treatment success than non-incarcerated individuals (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 160,728; 82.2% vs. 75.1%;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.0001), including after\n adjusting for demographic and clinical risk factors (adjusted odds ratio aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.19\u20131.34). These differences were partially mediated by increased use of directly observed therapy among incarcerated individuals (DOT) (61% vs. 47%;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), which was associated\n with greater efficacy in the incarcerated population (aOR 2.56 vs. aOR 2.17;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001). DOT was associated with improved treatment success among incarcerated subpopulations at elevated risk of poor outcomes.\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    TB treatment success among incarcerated individuals\n in Brazil is higher than non-incarcerated individuals, but both fall below WHO targets. Expanding the use of DOT and services for socially and medically vulnerable individuals may improve outcomes in carceral settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T23:32:33Z","timestamp":1645659153000},"page":"252-258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The effect of incarceration on TB treatment outcomes"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"J. M.","family":"O\u00b4Marr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Arakaki-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Bras\u00edlia, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. M.","family":"Pelissari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Bras\u00edlia, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. D.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Bras\u00edlia, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Croda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. S.","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. R.","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2022\/00000026\/00000003\/art00010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:34:21Z","timestamp":1652834061000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20220301)26:3L.252;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.21.0449","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.07.31.21261427","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]}}}