{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T12:13:46Z","timestamp":1783599226860,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Whether HIV infection adversely affects exposure to first-line TB drugs in children is debatable. It is also not known whether HIV infection increases the risk of plasma underexposure or overexposure to TB drugs. This study sought to address these questions.<jats:bold>DESIGN\/METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n Children on TB treatment were enrolled. After 4 weeks on therapy, blood samples were collected at pre-dose, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 h post-dose for pharmacokinetic analysis. Plasma drug exposure below and above the lower and upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals of the reference mean for\n children were considered underexposure and overexposure, respectively. The effect of HIV infection on drugs exposure and risk of underexposure were examined using multivariate analysis.<jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Of 86 participants (median age: 4.9 years), 45 had HIV coinfection. HIV coinfection was\n associated with lower pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol exposures in adjusted analysis. Patients with TB-HIV coinfection were three times more likely to have PZA underexposure than those with TB only. Underexposure of rifampin was common irrespective of HIV coinfection status.<jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold>\n HIV coinfection was associated with a higher risk for PZA underexposure in children. This effect should be accounted for in models and simulations to determine optimal PZA dose for children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.23.0184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,3]],"date-time":"2023-12-03T04:30:35Z","timestamp":1701577835000},"page":"931-937","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of HIV infection on plasma exposure to first-line TB drugs and target attainment in children"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Department of Child Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Maranchick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Pharmacokinetics Lab, College of Pharmacy and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dompreh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Department of Medical Diagnostics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Amissah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sly-Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Martyn-Dickens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Opoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Enimil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Department of Child Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Bosomtwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Ojewale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. D.","family":"Sarfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. F.","family":"Appiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kusi-Amponsah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. K.","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Osei Kuffour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H.","family":"Alshaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Pharmacokinetics Lab, College of Pharmacy and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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