{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T23:41:03Z","timestamp":1776642063872,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;sec&gt;&lt;title&gt;BACKGROUND&lt;\/title&gt;Pleural infection leading to empyema is a severe condition marked by accumulated infected fluid in the pleural space. Pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion is its most common precursor. The global incidence of pleural infections has\n increased significantly, with existing literature mainly focusing on bacterial empyema, leaving a gap in comparative analyses.&lt;\/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt;&lt;title&gt;METHOD&lt;\/title&gt;A retrospective review was conducted on 561 cases of bacterial, tuberculous, and fungal empyema over\n a 10-year period. The study compared and analysed overall survival rates, 30-day mortality rates after surgery, and clinical characteristics.&lt;\/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt;&lt;title&gt;RESULTS&lt;\/title&gt;The three empyema groups displayed distinct clinical characteristics. Fungal empyema\n had the worst overall survival compared to bacterial and tuberculous empyema, which had similar survival rates based on 30-day and 2-year mortality. Fungal empyema, advanced age, and high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score were independent predictors of poor prognosis.&lt;\/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt;&lt;title&gt;CONCLUSION&lt;\/title&gt;Fungal\n empyema has the highest mortality rate post-decortication surgery. Advanced age and high CCI score are independent predictors of poor prognosis.&lt;\/sec&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.24.0146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T04:30:36Z","timestamp":1730176236000},"page":"541-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical characteristics and decortication outcomes of bacterial, tuberculous and fungal pleural infection"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ch.-M.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.-L.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Clinical Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.-F.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ch.-Y.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and, Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ch.-L.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.-H.","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.-Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and, Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2024\/00000028\/00000011\/art00005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T04:30:44Z","timestamp":1730176244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.24.0146"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20241101)28:11L.541;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.24.0146","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}}}