{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:16:11Z","timestamp":1790172971096,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]]},"abstract":"<sec><title>BACKGROUND<\/title>Asthma and allergies are the most frequent chronic diseases among children. We have assessed the prevalence of asthma and allergies in European schoolchildren who participated in the SINPHONIE (Schools Indoor Pollution and Health-Observatory\n Network in Europe) project, accounting for geographical differences.<\/sec><sec><title>METHODS<\/title>We analysed questionnaires from parents and guardians of 4,899 schoolchildren aged 6-14 from 54 cities in 23 European countries in 2011\u20132012. Logistic\n regression models were used to estimate adjusted prevalence rates of symptoms\/diseases and associations among symptoms\/diseases and geographical clusters (Northern Europe [NE] as reference).<\/sec><sec><title>RESULTS<\/title>Higher odd ratios (ORs) were found\n for eczema in Western Europe (WE) (OR 1.4) and Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) (OR 1.4); and dry cough at night in WE (OR 1.6), CEE (OR 1.7) and Southern Europe (SE) (OR 2.6). Lower ORs were observed for eczema in SE (OR 0.8), allergic rhinitis in WE (OR 0.6), cat\/dog hypersensitivity\/allergy\n in WE (OR 0.4), CEE (OR 0.6) and SE (OR 0.5); pollen hypersensitivity\/allergy in WE (OR 0.6); asthma in CEE (OR 0.7); any drug for asthma in WE (OR 0.6), CEE (OR 0.7) and SE (OR 0.7); wheezing\/whistling in WE (OR 0.6); cough on most days in WE (OR 0.5) and SE (OR 0.6); phlegm on most days\n in WE (OR 0.5); sneezing\/runny\/blocked nose in WE (OR 0.8).<\/sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS<\/title>The frequency of asthma\/allergies in European children varies widely geographically. This variability should be considered for preventive purposes.<\/sec><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.24.0331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:33:45Z","timestamp":1741350825000},"page":"119-126","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Asthma and allergies in schoolchildren: data from the European SINPHONIE study"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Sarno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Stanisci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Angino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Tagliaferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Silvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Baldacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sestini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena, Siena, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pandics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Budapest, Hungary;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hadjipanayis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Larnaca General Hospital, Larnaca, Cyprus;, Medical School, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Csobod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC), Szentendre, Hungary;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Annesi-Maesano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumology, Allergology and Thoracic Oncology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France;, Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IDESP), University of Montpellier, and Institut national de la sant\u00e9\n et de la recherche m\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"T\u00e4ubel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Porto, Portugal;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Oliveira Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Porto, Porto, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Rudnai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Budapest, Hungary;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Viegi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Pisa, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International 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