{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T04:05:46Z","timestamp":1749701146852,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"abstract":"<sec><title>BACKGROUND<\/title>We evaluated the impact of the July 2019\u2013September 2019 accelerated TB preventive therapy (TPT) initiation campaign on TB incidence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda.<\/sec><sec><title>DESIGN<\/title>We\n conducted a quasi-experimental study using routinely collected data from patient records. The study included PLHIV aged \u226515 years who started ART from 2016 to 2023 at six public health facilities. We used inverse probability treatment weighting and a Cox proportional hazards regression\n model to compare TB risk before and after the accelerated TPT scale-up campaign.<\/sec><sec><title>RESULTS<\/title>Among 49,753 participants, 75% were women, with a median age of 32 years (IQR 26\u201339), and 9.5% were WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 at inclusion.\n There were 845 incident TB cases during a total follow-up of 156,191 person-years. TB risk decreased by 25% during 3.5 years following the TPT scale-up campaign compared to the period before (weighted hazard ratio wHR 0.75, 95% CI 0.59\u20130.94; P<\/jats:italic> = 0.014). TB risk reduction was not\n significantly different across the sexes but varied across the clinics.<\/sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION<\/title>Accelerated TPT scale-up reduced TB incidence among PLHIV, showing that TPT is an integral and important component in decreasing TB incidence.<\/sec><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.24.0557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T04:30:46Z","timestamp":1749616246000},"page":"253-258","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TB incidence following accelerated TB preventive treatment scale-up campaigns in Uganda"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Musaazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;, Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Sekaggya-Wiltshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Zawedde-Muyanja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kalema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kavuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.M.","family":"Namuwenge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program, Uganda Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kambugu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.S.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Environment and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Brusselaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium;, Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.C.","family":"Manabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Castelnuovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2025\/00000029\/00000006\/art00002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T04:30:47Z","timestamp":1749616247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.24.0557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20250530)29:6L.253;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.24.0557","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]}}}