{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:42:16Z","timestamp":1788327736100,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"abstract":"\n <sec><title>BACKGROUND<\/title>Understanding the association of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) status with\n Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n (\n Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n ) transmission dynamics is crucial, particularly in the context of universal ART access.<\/sec><sec><title>METHODS<\/title>This\n cross-sectional analysis included adults with microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB (medium\/high Xpert MTB\/Rif) and their household contacts (\u226510 years) from Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Tanzania (2021\u20132023). Mixed-effects logistic regression assessed associations between TB patients\u2019\n HIV\/ART status and household interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) positivity.<\/sec><sec><title>RESULTS<\/title>A total of 1,923 household contacts of 907 persons with TB were analysed. A third of persons with TB were diagnosed with HIV at the time of TB diagnosis.\n Overall, 46% of household contacts were IGRA positive at baseline. Household contacts exposed to ART-treated people living with HIV (PLHIV) exhibited high IGRA positivity levels compared with those exposed to PLHIV not on ART (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17\u20133.02).\n Odds for contacts of ART-treated PLHIV was similar to the odds observed in contacts of HIV-negative individuals (aOR 2.21; 95% CI: 1.45\u20133.36).<\/sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION<\/title>In a selected population of people with TB with a medium to high bacillary\n burden measured by Xpert MTB\/Rif, PLHIV while on ART exhibited increased\n Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n transmission, comparable with the levels of HIV uninfected.<\/sec>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.25.0099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T10:17:31Z","timestamp":1762165051000},"page":"501-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of HIV and\n Mtb<\/i>\n infection among household contacts in East and Southern Africa"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"E.T.","family":"Marambire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.J.","family":"Calderwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.M.","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Madziva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mbiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Banze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Nhamuave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.T","family":"Minja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mfinanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Khosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kallenius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Sundling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Kavenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Held","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mutsvangwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Heinrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kranzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2025\/00000029\/00000011\/art00005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T10:17:32Z","timestamp":1762165052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0099"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20251031)29:11L.501;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0099","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]}}}