{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T05:36:32Z","timestamp":1777354592741,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"abstract":"<sec><title>BACKGROUND<\/title>TB in the form of genital TB (GTB) is known to cause infertility but does not have typical respiratory symptoms, so patients are not aware of it. Meta-analysis studies showing the magnitude of such cases are not prevalent.<\/sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE<\/title>To\n analyse prevalence of cases and outcomes through meta-analysis.<\/sec><sec><title>METHODS<\/title>Various databases were searched using keywords based on the Patient, Exposure, Comparison, Outcome, and Studies (PECOS) framework. Analysis used Joanna Briggs Institute\u2019s\n Critical Appraisal for risk of bias, followed by meta-analysis. Data were collated using forest plots and comparative tables.<\/sec><sec><title>RESULTS<\/title>11 articles were accepted out of 1,546 articles, with this study involving 2,197 infertility patients.\n GTB found in approximately 26% of cases among women (10% endometrial and 25% fallopian tube). Male cases cannot be analysed due to lack of detailed study. Most patients do not have any clinical manifestation except infertility. Approximately 12% of patients with Infertility due to GTB could\n be pregnant.<\/sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION<\/title>Infertility was observed in 15% of women with GTB in this study, and 67% of cases were primary infertility.<\/sec><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.25.0429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:34:18Z","timestamp":1777350858000},"page":"193-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TB manifests as infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"A.M.","family":"Simanjuntak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Assistant, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;, Clinical Clerkship, Department of Obstetric-Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau,\n Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Gracia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Bangka Belitung, Pangkalpinang, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sakh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.C.","family":"Harliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Hutagaol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fertility-Endocrine-Reproductive Division, Department of Obstetric - Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.P.","family":"Kusika Saputra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fertility-Endocrine-Reproductive Division, Department of Obstetric - Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Afdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infertility Division, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Yovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Infection Division, Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.R.","family":"Razali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetric - Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Sihotang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetric - Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sholeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Rosdiana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ginting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Veronica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Suyanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2026\/00000030\/00000005\/art00001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:34:53Z","timestamp":1777350893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0429"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20260427)30:5L.193;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0429","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]}}}