{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:08:58Z","timestamp":1780376938191,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["int j tuberc lung dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<sec><title>BACKGROUND<\/title>TB remains a global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes mellitus (DM) further increases the risk of developing active TB. The WHO recommends integrating DM screening and care into TB clinics\n to improve patient outcomes.<\/sec><sec><title>METHODS<\/title>A TB-DM educational pamphlet for patients was developed in collaboration with key stakeholders. Seventeen health care providers (HCPs) from urban and rural TB facilities in Manzini, Eswatini, participated\n in in-depth interviews to share their perspectives on integrating TB-DM services and the pamphlet\u2019s potential role in patient care.<\/sec><sec><title>RESULTS<\/title>The majority of HCPs felt confident diagnosing DM in people with TB. To improve TB-DM services,\n they recommended increasing the availability of patient education materials, standardising diagnostic tools, providing additional training and supervision from nurse mentors, and improving access to pharmacological information. Most agreed that the pamphlet could enhance patient and family\n education while motivating adherence to lifestyle recommendations. Suggestions for improving the pamphlet included simplifying and contextualising the dietary and exercise information to ensure that it is relevant and understandable for a Swazi lay audience.<\/sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION<\/title>Strengthening\n diagnostic procedures, expanding training, improving patient education, and increasing nurse mentor support are essential for better integrated TB-DM services and improved health outcomes in Eswatini.<\/sec><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.25.0526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:31:26Z","timestamp":1780374686000},"page":"237-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Double trouble: enhancing integrated services for TB and diabetes"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Jayendran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.N.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Shongwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP Eswatini, Columbia University, Mbabane, Eswatini;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Xaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP Eswatini, Columbia University, Mbabane, Eswatini;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Dlamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP Eswatini, Columbia University, Mbabane, Eswatini;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.A.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Ginindza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eswatini Ministry of Health, NCD Case Management Unit, Mbabane, Eswatini;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Vambe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine Children\u2019s Foundation Eswatini, Mbabane, Eswatini;, Department of Pediatrics, Global TB Program, Bayor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.E.","family":"Mantell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Gender, Sexuality and Health Area, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Hirsch-Moverman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAP at Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","container-title":["The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/iuatld\/ijtld\/2026\/00000030\/00000006\/art00001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:32:27Z","timestamp":1780374747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0526"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1027-3719(20260601)30:6L.237;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtld.25.0526","relation":{},"ISSN":["1027-3719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1027-3719","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]}}}