{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T12:27:24Z","timestamp":1782822444791,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the utility of the M-Typer\u00ae assay, based on flow-injection tandem mass spectrometry mycolic acid profiling, in the diagnosis of TB and other mycobacterial infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ability of the M-Typer\u00ae assay to identify\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species was first evaluated using 40 clinical strains of known species. In the second phase, clinical specimens from 451 patients with suspected TB or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections were tested. Results were compared with those obtained from Xpert MTB\/RIF and MGIT culture.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The M-Typer\u00ae assay correctly classified all clinical strains as either\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      complex or NTM, and 80% were accurately identified to species level. In clinical specimens, it showed high sensitivity (94.4%) and specificity (93.63%) for TB diagnosis compared to Xpert MTB\/RIF. Similar values were observed versus MGIT culture (sensitivity: 93.75%; specificity: 95.77%). However, the assay\u2019s positive predictive value (PPV) was lower (70.8% vs. Xpert MTB\/RIF; 45.45% vs. MGIT culture).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The M-Typer\u00ae assay demonstrated diagnostic accuracy comparable to established methods, supporting its potential role in clinical microbiology for rapid, direct detection and species-level identification of mycobacteria. Nevertheless, its relatively low PPV indicates the need for further optimisation and validation in diverse clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T11:08:01Z","timestamp":1765796881000},"page":"751-756","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rapid clinical detection of mycobacterial infections using M-Typer and flow-injection tandem mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"G\u0142ogowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Majewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Szulc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kowalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Augustynowicz-Kope\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.1","unstructured":"Garg E , Zubair M . Mass spectrometer. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL, USA. StatPearls Publishing, 2025."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmeasuresciau.3c00065","article-title":"The growing influence of mass spectrometry in measurement science","volume":"3","author":"Badu-Tawiah","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Meas Sci Au"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.117797","article-title":"Evolution of LC-MS\/MS in clinical laboratories","volume":"555","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"20","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4775","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25204775","article-title":"Current status of matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in clinical diagnostic microbiology","volume":"25","author":"Tsuchida","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12020322","article-title":"MALDI-TOF MS: a reliable tool in the real life of the clinical microbiology laboratory","volume":"12","author":"Calderaro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201500086"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.11.012"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.08.027","article-title":"Performance of lipid fingerprint-based MALDI-TOF for the diagnosis of mycobacterial infections","volume":"27","author":"Gonzalo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.10.017","article-title":"Performance of lipid fingerprint by routine matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time of flight for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species","volume":"29","author":"Gonzalo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2024.124297","article-title":"Quantification of mycolic acids in different mycobacterial species by standard addition method through liquid chromatography mass spectrometry","volume":"1247","author":"Fatima","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Anal Biomed Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1021\/jasms.1c00310","article-title":"Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mycolic acids by multiple-stage linear ion-trap mass spectrometry","volume":"33","author":"Frankfater","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Soc Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2013.03.025"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.13","unstructured":"Kent PT , Kubica GP . Public health mycobacteriology: a guide for the level III laboratory. Atlanta, GA, USA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control, 1985."},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.14","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global tuberculosis report 2024. Geneva: WHO, 2024."},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.15","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Implementing the end TB strategy: the essentials, 2022 update. Geneva: WHO, 2022."},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.16","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Manual for selection of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for detection of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis. Geneva: WHO, 2022."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13323","article-title":"Mass spectrometry applied to the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and biomarker discovery","volume":"121","author":"L\u00f3pez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.10.013"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0111022","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01110-22","article-title":"Identification of Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and machine learning","volume":"61","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Temporal","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100185"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-96867-x","article-title":"Detection and accurate identification of Mycobacterium species by flow injection tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-MS\/MS) analysis of mycolic acids","volume":"15","author":"Rafa\u0142","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026011502222060000_2.12.751.22","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: diagnosis \u2013 rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection. 3rd ed. Geneva: WHO, 2024."}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0323","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:25:01Z","timestamp":1768472701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0323"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0323","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}}}