{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T02:54:19Z","timestamp":1784861659830,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Private sector engagement (PSE) plays a vital role in enhancing TB care. Global Fund-supported PSE activities contributed to improved TB notifications and treatment outcomes, especially where non-financial incentives were complemented by financial incentives, delivered directly or via social health insurance. Transitioning such activities to government-led health systems is essential for long-term sustainability and to end TB. Well-designed incentive strategies could ensure quality care where patients seek services. However, payment delays, administrative burdens, and donor dependency threaten sustainability. Governments need to address these challenges to transition programs into people-centered, integrated primary healthcare systems, ensuring access to training, diagnostics and program drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:34:41Z","timestamp":1763008481000},"page":"626-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Building sustainable TB care systems: managing incentives in private sector engagement"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Kimbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Wandwalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.O.","family":"Masini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Stallworthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Heitkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Yassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.1","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . Fact Sheet - Tuberculosis. Geneva: WHO, 2025."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . Global TB Report. Geneva: WHO, 2024."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.3","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . The End TB Strategy. Geneva; WHO, 2015."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.4","unstructured":"The Global Fund . Global Fund Strategy (2023-2028). Geneva: Global Fund, 2023."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2020.100171","article-title":"Quality of tuberculosis care in the private health sector","volume":"20","author":"Stallworthy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.24.0162","article-title":"Leveraging Global Fund's investments to expand innovative public-private provider engagement in TB","volume":"1","author":"Yassin","year":"2024","journal-title":"IJTLD Open"},{"issue":"suppl_7","key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S686","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix388","article-title":"Finding the Missing Patients With Tuberculosis: Lessons Learned From Patient-Pathway Analyses in 5 Countries","volume":"216","author":"Hanson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.8","unstructured":"N. Raizada . Breaking the barriers in effective private provider engagement (PPE)\u2014NTEP India success story. Union World Conference on Lung Health, 2023."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.9","unstructured":"World Health Organisation . Public-Private Mix (PPM) data dashboards for enhanced action and accountability to end TB. Geneva: WHO, https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-tuberculosis-programme\/public-private-mix-data-dashboards."},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Okekearu I , Public-Private Sector Mix Approach to Achieving Effective, Efficient and Value-Added TB Programming in Nigeria: Lessons Learned. Int J Pub Health. 2024;69.","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2024.1606807"},{"key":"2026011502263093000_2.11.626.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brubacher LJ , Health and tuberculosis systems resilience, the role of the private sector and pandemic preparedness: insights from a cross-country qualitative study with policy-makers in India, Indonesia and Nigeria. BMJ Glob Health. 2025;10(1).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2024-016180"}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0340","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:27:35Z","timestamp":1768472855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0340"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0340"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0340","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}