{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T02:19:56Z","timestamp":1768529996233,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The World Health Organization recommends rifamycin-based TB preventive treatment (TPT) for children, but factors influencing regimen acceptability are not well understood. We explored perceptions of two short-course regimens \u2013 3HP (weekly dosing) and 3RH (daily dosing) \u2013 among interest-holders in Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-seven in-depth interviews were conducted with caregivers of TB-exposed children, community health workers, health care providers, and policymakers following the CHIP-TB trial, which evaluated home-based TPT delivery. Thematic content analysis was used to assess acceptability across factors such as palatability, dosing frequency, pill burden, adherence, and side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both regimens were generally well tolerated. Caregivers reported good palatability, though some children vomited or spit out the medication. Weekly dosing with 3HP was seen as less burdensome but easier to forget, requiring additional support for adherence. Daily 3RH was considered more difficult due to the routine burden on caregivers. Interest-holders preferred 3HP overall but noted concerns about the high number of pills per dose. Mild side effects were reported with both regimens but did not result in discontinuation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interest-holders favoured 3HP for its lower dosing burden, despite concerns about pill burden. Child-friendly, fixed-dose formulations and consideration of caregiver and child preferences are essential to improving adherence and treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T04:34:41Z","timestamp":1763008481000},"page":"671-676","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimising child-friendly TB preventive treatment regimens"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.J.","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mulatu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Chaisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Churchyard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bedru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Kerrigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Salazar-Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global TB report 2024. Geneva: WHO, 2024."},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 1: prevention \u2013 tuberculosis preventive treatment. 2nd ed. Geneva: WHO, 2024."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-024-02131-3","article-title":"Tuberculosis preventive treatment in high TB-burden settings: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"85","author":"Chihota","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11111258","article-title":"Preventive treatment for household contacts of drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients","volume":"11","author":"Salazar-Austin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.18.0168"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11010001","article-title":"Child contact case management-A major policy-practice gap in high-burden countries","volume":"11","author":"Vasiliu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.19.0712","article-title":"Tuberculosis contact investigation and short-course preventive therapy among young children in Africa","volume":"24","author":"Schwoebel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-048443"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0645","article-title":"TB preventive therapy preferences among children and adolescents","volume":"27","author":"Strauss","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.24.0250","article-title":"Children and providers\u2019 perspectives on once-weekly rifapentine and isoniazid TB preventive therapy","volume":"2","author":"Marthinus","year":"2025","journal-title":"IJTLD Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07514-7","article-title":"Pragmatic cluster-randomized trial of home-based preventive treatment for TB in Ethiopia and South Africa (CHIP-TB)","volume":"24","author":"Malhotra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-11451-9","article-title":"Improving access to tuberculosis preventive treatment for children in Ethiopia: designing a home-based contact management intervention for the CHIP-TB trial through formative research","volume":"24","author":"Salazar-Austin","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salazar-Austin N , Effectiveness of a home-based approach to child contact investigation and TPT management by community health workers in Ethiopia: a pragmatic clusterrandomized trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2025:ciaf203. DOI: 10.1093\/cid\/ciaf203.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf203"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004466","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0004466","article-title":"Cost and cost-effectiveness of pediatric home-based versus facility-based TB preventive treatment in Ethiopia (CHIP-TB)","volume":"5","author":"Malhotra","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Glob Public Health"},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.15","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Ethiopia . Guidelines for clinical and programmatic management of TB, TB\/HIV, DR-TB and Leprosy in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Ministry of Health, 2021."},{"key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0809","article-title":"Tuberculosis preventive treatment preferences among care givers of children in Lesotho: a pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Hirsch-Moverman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000003729","article-title":"Towards shorter, child-friendly regimens for treatment of tuberculosis disease and infection in children","volume":"42","author":"Yuen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-10098-5","article-title":"Toward patient-centered tuberculosis preventive treatment: preferences for regimens and formulations in Lima, Peru","volume":"21","author":"Yuen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026011502265484000_2.11.671.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02378-1","article-title":"Prioritising attributes for tuberculosis preventive treatment regimens: a modelling analysis","volume":"20","author":"Vesga","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:27:45Z","timestamp":1768472865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0369","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}}}