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This observational prospective, multi-centre cohort study will enrol 150 MDR\/RR-TB patients in treatment centres between 2025 and 2027. Primary outcome is the description of treatment results. Exploratory analyses will be performed, including logistic regression to assess demographic, clinical, and important factors like social determinants possibly associated with treatment discontinuation. Secondary outcomes will include the descriptive analysis of outcomes and safety of the recently recommended 6\u20139 months and longer MDR\/RR-TB regimens, barriers for adherence to TB guidelines and the clinical structures for MDR\/RR-TB management. The prospective No1Lost MDR\/RR-TB cohort study will improve the understanding of risk factors and barriers for treatment discontinuation and LTFU in a low-incidence setting to address high rates of treatment discontinuation in this vulnerable population with targeted interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T10:26:58Z","timestamp":1768472818000},"page":"46-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Drug-resistant TB treatment outcomes and factors associated with discontinuation and LTFU in Germany: No1Lost study protocol"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"G\u00f6decke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Eberhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Barten-Neiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Knipper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Aepfelbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"H\u00e4cker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.I.","family":"Gr\u00f6schel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Otto-Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031812065779000_3.1.46.1","unstructured":"Robert Koch-Institute (RKI) . 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