{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T06:10:29Z","timestamp":1782972629216,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A previous review summarised the evolution and efficacy of the regimens to treat rifampicin-resistant\/multidrug-resistant TB (RR\/MDR-TB), underscoring the persistent need for efficacious shorter treatments. The aim of this scoping review was to explore safety, quality of life (QoL), and unmet needs associated with RR\/MDR-TB in studies published between 2009 and 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed\/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies reporting safety, QoL, and unmet needs in the last 15 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-seven studies including 9,874 patients were identified, with significant variation in geographic distribution, sample size, and other core variables. The overall proportion of serious adverse events (AEs) ranged between 0.2% and 10.1% in retrospective studies, 1.0%\u201372.4% in prospective cohorts, and 20.0%\u201325.0% in experimental studies, with no data on QoL. Almost all studies containing linezolid (LZD) reported gastrointestinal and haematological AEs. In studies based on individual patient data, AEs associated with bedaquiline (1.7%\u20132.4%) and fluoroquinolones (3%\u20134%) were less frequent than those associated with LZD (14.1%\u201317.2%). The World Health Organization 95% credible interval range was 10.1%\u201327.0%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While efficacious RR\/MDR-TB regimens are recommended, individual drugs still cause AEs potentially leading to decreased adherence. New efficacious treatments with improved safety\/tolerability profiles are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:12:57Z","timestamp":1776262377000},"page":"208-217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Safety of treatment regimens for drug-resistant TB over a 15-year period: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Amiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cheraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Sotgiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"D\u2019Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Centis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kontsevaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.K.","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Oberdhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Girbinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Dara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global tuberculosis report 2025. Geneva: WHO, 2025."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global tuberculosis report 2023. Geneva: WHO, 2023."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01522-2019"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31644-1"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.24.0620","article-title":"15-year trends in efficacy and effectiveness of treatment outcomes in drug-resistant pulmonary TB","volume":"2","author":"Nasiri","year":"2025","journal-title":"IJTLD Open"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.6","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. module 4: treatment. Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update. Geneva: WHO, 2022."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0263"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.02.043","article-title":"Delamanid-containing regimens and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"124","author":"Nasiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20210384","DOI":"10.36416\/1806-3756\/e20210384","article-title":"Bedaquiline-containing regimens and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Hatami","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.10","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency . Adverse event. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: European Medicines Agency. https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/glossary-terms\/adverse-event. (Accessed 11 March 2026)."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.11","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment and care. Geneva: WHO, 2025."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00009509"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31828175ed","article-title":"Adverse events in an integrated home-based treatment program for MDR-TB and HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"62","author":"Brust","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2014061","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2014.061","article-title":"A prospective, observational study of adverse reactions to drug regimen for multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in central India","volume":"6","author":"Hire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01799-2016"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01528-2018"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0840","article-title":"Is 6 months of bedaquiline enough? Results from the compassionate use of bedaquiline in Armenia and Georgia","volume":"22","author":"Hewison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S194484","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cycloserine-containing regimens in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in China","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01181-2019"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0236264","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236264","article-title":"Outcomes and adverse events of pre- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Kinshasa, Democratique Republic of the Congo: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Kashongwe","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00744-20"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3563","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1894","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of an all-oral, bedaquiline-based, shorter treatment regimen for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden rural South Africa: a retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"73","author":"Tack","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auchynka V , Effectiveness and cardiovascular safety of delamanid-containing regimens in adults with multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a nationwide cohort study from Belarus, 2016-18. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2021;91(1).","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2021.1647"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avaliani T , Effectiveness and safety of fully oral modified shorter treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Georgia, 2019-2020. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2021;91(1).","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2021.1679"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.21.0041"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003150","article-title":"Decentralized, integrated treatment of RR\/MDR-TB and HIV using a bedaquiline-based, short-course regimen is effective and associated with improved HIV disease control","volume":"92","author":"Govender","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134938","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1134938","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving ambulatory treatment in Shenzhen, China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Lecai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2011.26.2.153"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062034"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e86316","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086316","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with low- and high-concentration isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201512-845OC"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-2870.197892","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis under programmatic management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, at tertiary care center in Mumbai","volume":"10","author":"Waghmare","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med J DY Patil Univ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2706-0","article-title":"Treatment outcomes for isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis under program conditions in British Columbia, Canada","volume":"17","author":"Romanowski","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_59_17","article-title":"Treatment outcome of patients having extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Gujarat, India","volume":"6","author":"Prajapati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.10.013"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.02.006","article-title":"Early efficacy and safety of bedaquiline and delamanid given together in a \u201cSalvage Regimen\u201d for treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"66","author":"Sarin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2020.03.002","article-title":"Early treatment outcome of bedaquiline plus optimised background regimen in drug resistant tuberculosis patients","volume":"67","author":"Barvaliya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0048","article-title":"Treatment outcomes in patients with drug-resistant TB-HIV co-infection treated with bedaquiline and linezolid","volume":"24","author":"Padayatchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.06.004","article-title":"Early outcome and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens for treatment of MDR- and XDR-TB in China: a multicentre study","volume":"27","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.20.0082","article-title":"Bedaquiline and delamanid result in low rates of unfavourable outcomes among TB patients in Eswatini","volume":"24","author":"Vambe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.07.001","article-title":"Interim treatment outcomes in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients treated sequentially with bedaquiline and delamanid","volume":"98","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03026-2020"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5473","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S342964","article-title":"Explorative analysis of treatment outcomes of levofloxacin- and moxifloxacin-based regimens and outcome predictors in Ethiopian MDR-TB patients: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Sidamo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab304","article-title":"Outcomes of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treated with bedaquiline or delamanid","volume":"73","author":"Hwang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06553-2","article-title":"A highly effective and inexpensive standardized treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a multicenter prospective study in China","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.11.007","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-based, modified all-oral 9-11-month treatment regimen for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Vietnam","volume":"126","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Desai G , Comparison of efficacy of bedaquiline and moxifloxacin in drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. A prospective observational study. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2022;93(1).","DOI":"10.4081\/monaldi.2022.2231"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00930-2022"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac528"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1723_22","article-title":"Prospective study on outcome of MDR-TB using the shorter regimen during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"12","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihac016","article-title":"Definitive outcomes in patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treated in Niger from 2012 to 2019: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Souleymane","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023704","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1023704","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of all-oral and injectable-containing, bedaquiline-based long treatment regimen for pre-XDR tuberculosis in Vietnam","volume":"13","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07693-9","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline-containing regimens for treatment on patients with refractory RR\/MDR\/XDR-tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study in East China","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.54","unstructured":"Mary PR , Outcomes of bedaquiline-containing regimen in the treatment of adults with drug-resistant tuberculosis in a tertiary care center in Rajasthan. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2023;94(2)."},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.55","first-page":"1032","article-title":"Predictors of treatment outcomes of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective hospital-based study in a tertiary care teaching hospital of South Odisha","volume":"15","author":"Panda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Pharma Clin Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16010144","article-title":"Drug exposure and susceptibility of pyrazinamide correlate with treatment response in pyrazinamide-susceptible patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"16","author":"Dong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad694","article-title":"Impact of prior tuberculosis treatment with new\/companion drugs on clinical outcomes in patients receiving concomitant bedaquiline and delamanid for multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"78","author":"Mikiashvili","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1779OC","article-title":"An all-oral 6-month regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial (the NExT study)","volume":"205","author":"Esmail","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00035114"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201510-690BC"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901814"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2119430"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2117166"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3000605221148416","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221148416","article-title":"Improved outcomes following addition of bedaquiline and clofazimine to a treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"51","author":"Yao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313865"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz915","article-title":"Treatment outcome of a shorter regimen containing clofazimine for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a randomized control trial in China","volume":"71","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.07.012"},{"issue":"10366","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02078-5","article-title":"Evaluation of two short standardised regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (STREAM stage 2): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial","volume":"400","author":"Goodall","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30047-3","article-title":"Drug-associated adverse events in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Lan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20240391","DOI":"10.36416\/1806-3756\/e20240391","article-title":"Bedaquiline and linezolid regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Cheraghi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2400327"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(25)00194-8","article-title":"Bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and clofazimine for rifampicin-resistant and fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis (endTB-Q): an open-label, multicentre, stratified, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"13","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240232","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0232-2024","article-title":"Update in tuberculosis treatment: a scoping review of current practices","volume":"21","author":"Lopes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Breathe (Sheff)"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2809.220458","article-title":"Revised definitions of tuberculosis resistance and treatment outcomes, France, 2006-2019","volume":"28","author":"Kherabi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-11901-7","article-title":"The quantity and severity of adverse drug reactions experienced by patients with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in the Ugu District","volume":"25","author":"Ramasir","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2025.51.86.48418","article-title":"Treatment outcomes among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis managed with BPaL\/BPaLM regimen in the Southeast Zone of Nigeria","volume":"51","author":"Ikpe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2025.100567","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of the BPaL regimen in the Philippines","volume":"41","author":"Flores","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S516991","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of contezolid versus linezolid for short-term treatment of rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled study","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003983","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003983","article-title":"End of treatment and 12-month post-treatment outcomes in patients treated with all-oral regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Ukraine: a prospective cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Fardhdiani","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026041507125117000_3.4.208.80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofaf020","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaf020","article-title":"New all-oral short-term regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a semi-randomized controlled trial conducted in China","volume":"12","author":"Jing","year":"2025","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0728","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:13:06Z","timestamp":1776262386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0728"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0728"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0728","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}